これは、このセクションの複数ページの印刷可能なビューです。印刷するには、ここをクリックしてください.

ブラウザのインタラクション

1: ブラウザーナビゲーション
2: JavaScript アラート、プロンプトおよび確認
3: クッキーの使用
4: IFrame と Frame の操作
5: Print Page
6: ウィンドウとタブの操作
7: Virtual Authenticator

ブラウザーの情報

タイトルの取得

ブラウザーから現在のページタイトルを読むことができます。

14
16

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie;
import java.util.Set;

public class InteractionsTest extends BaseChromeTest {
  @Test
  public void getTitle() {
    try {
      driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
      // get title
      String title = driver.getTitle();
      Assertions.assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
    } finally {
      driver.quit();
    }
  }
  @Test
  public void getCurrentUrl() {
    try {
      driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
      // get current url
      String url = driver.getCurrentUrl();
      Assertions.assertEquals(url, "https://www.selenium.dev/");
    } finally {
      driver.quit();
    }
  }
}

View full example on GitHub

6
8

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")

title = driver.title
assert title == "Selenium"

url = driver.current_url
assert url == "https://www.selenium.dev/"

driver.quit()

View full example on GitHub

36
38

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.


using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
{
    [TestClass]
    public class InteractionsTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestInteractions()
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);

            // Navigate to Url
            driver.Url="https://www.selenium.dev/";
            //GetTitle
            String title = driver.Title;
            Assert.AreEqual(title, "Selenium");

            //GetCurrentURL
            String url = driver.Url;
            Assert.AreEqual(url, "https://www.selenium.dev/");

            //quitting driver
            driver.Quit(); //close all windows
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

7
9

Show full example

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Browser' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  it 'gets the current title' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    current_title = driver.title
    expect(current_title).to eq 'Selenium'
  end

  it 'gets the current url' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    current_url = driver.current_url
    expect(current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

19
21

Show full example

const {Builder } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");

describe('Interactions', function () {
  let driver;

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser('chrome')
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Should be able to get title and current url', async function () {
    const url = 'https://www.selenium.dev/';
    await driver.get(url);

    //Get Current title
    let title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Selenium");

    //Get Current url
    let currentUrl = await driver.getCurrentUrl();
    assert.equal(currentUrl, url);
  });
});

View full example on GitHub

driver.title

現在のURLを取得

ブラウザーのアドレスバーから現在のURLを読むには、次を使用します。

25
27

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie;
import java.util.Set;

public class InteractionsTest extends BaseChromeTest {
  @Test
  public void getTitle() {
    try {
      driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
      // get title
      String title = driver.getTitle();
      Assertions.assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
    } finally {
      driver.quit();
    }
  }
  @Test
  public void getCurrentUrl() {
    try {
      driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
      // get current url
      String url = driver.getCurrentUrl();
      Assertions.assertEquals(url, "https://www.selenium.dev/");
    } finally {
      driver.quit();
    }
  }
}

View full example on GitHub

9
11

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")

title = driver.title
assert title == "Selenium"

url = driver.current_url
assert url == "https://www.selenium.dev/"

driver.quit()

View full example on GitHub

40
42

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.


using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
{
    [TestClass]
    public class InteractionsTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestInteractions()
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);

            // Navigate to Url
            driver.Url="https://www.selenium.dev/";
            //GetTitle
            String title = driver.Title;
            Assert.AreEqual(title, "Selenium");

            //GetCurrentURL
            String url = driver.Url;
            Assert.AreEqual(url, "https://www.selenium.dev/");

            //quitting driver
            driver.Quit(); //close all windows
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

13
15

Show full example

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Browser' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  it 'gets the current title' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    current_title = driver.title
    expect(current_title).to eq 'Selenium'
  end

  it 'gets the current url' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    current_url = driver.current_url
    expect(current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

23
25

Show full example

const {Builder } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");

describe('Interactions', function () {
  let driver;

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser('chrome')
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Should be able to get title and current url', async function () {
    const url = 'https://www.selenium.dev/';
    await driver.get(url);

    //Get Current title
    let title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Selenium");

    //Get Current url
    let currentUrl = await driver.getCurrentUrl();
    assert.equal(currentUrl, url);
  });
});

View full example on GitHub

driver.currentUrl

1 - ブラウザーナビゲーション

ナビゲート

ブラウザーを起動した後に最初に行うことは、Webサイトを開くことです。これは1行で実現できます。

13
19

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class NavigationTest {
    @Test
    public void navigateBrowser() {
        
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
      
        //Convenient
        driver.get("https://selenium.dev");
            
        //Longer way
        driver.navigate().to("https://selenium.dev");
        String title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Back
        driver.navigate().back();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Forward
        driver.navigate().forward();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        //Refresh
        driver.navigate().refresh();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        driver.quit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

5
7

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html")

title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.back()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Selenium"

driver.forward()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.refresh()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.quit()

View full example on GitHub

16
21

Show full example

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
{
    [TestClass]
    public class NavigationTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestNavigationCommands()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);

            //Convenient
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev";
            //Longer
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            var title = driver.Title;
            Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);

            //Back
            driver.Navigate().Back();
            title = driver.Title;
            Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);

            //Forward
            driver.Navigate().Forward();
            title = driver.Title;
            Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);

            //Refresh
            driver.Navigate().Refresh();
            title = driver.Title;
            Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);

            //Quit the browser
            driver.Quit();
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

6
10

Show full example

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Browser' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  it 'navigates to a page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates back' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates forward' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    driver.navigate.forward
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
  end

  it 'refreshes the page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.refresh
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

15
21

Show full example

const {Builder } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");

describe('Interactions - Navigation', function () {
  let driver;

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser('chrome')
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Browser navigation test', async function () {
    //Convenient
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev');

    //Longer way
    await driver.navigate().to("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html");
    let title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Back
    await driver.navigate().back();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Selenium");

    //Forward
    await driver.navigate().forward();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Refresh
    await driver.navigate().refresh();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");
  });
});

View full example on GitHub

//Convenient
driver.get("https://selenium.dev")

//Longer way
driver.navigate().to("https://selenium.dev")

戻る

ブラウザーの戻るボタンを押す。

21
24

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class NavigationTest {
    @Test
    public void navigateBrowser() {
        
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
      
        //Convenient
        driver.get("https://selenium.dev");
            
        //Longer way
        driver.navigate().to("https://selenium.dev");
        String title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Back
        driver.navigate().back();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Forward
        driver.navigate().forward();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        //Refresh
        driver.navigate().refresh();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        driver.quit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

10
12

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html")

title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.back()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Selenium"

driver.forward()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.refresh()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.quit()

View full example on GitHub

23
 26

Show full example

using System;
 using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
 using OpenQA.Selenium;
 using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
 
 namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
 {
     [TestClass]
     public class NavigationTest
     {
         [TestMethod]
         public void TestNavigationCommands()
         {
             IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
             driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);
 
             //Convenient
             driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev";
             //Longer
             driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
             var title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Back
             driver.Navigate().Back();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Forward
             driver.Navigate().Forward();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Refresh
             driver.Navigate().Refresh();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Quit the browser
             driver.Quit();
         }
     }
 }

View full example on GitHub

14
16

Show full example

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Browser' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  it 'navigates to a page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates back' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates forward' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    driver.navigate.forward
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
  end

  it 'refreshes the page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.refresh
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

23
26

Show full example

const {Builder } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");

describe('Interactions - Navigation', function () {
  let driver;

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser('chrome')
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Browser navigation test', async function () {
    //Convenient
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev');

    //Longer way
    await driver.navigate().to("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html");
    let title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Back
    await driver.navigate().back();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Selenium");

    //Forward
    await driver.navigate().forward();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Refresh
    await driver.navigate().refresh();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");
  });
});

View full example on GitHub

driver.navigate().back()

ブラウザーの次へボタンを押す。

26
29

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class NavigationTest {
    @Test
    public void navigateBrowser() {
        
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
      
        //Convenient
        driver.get("https://selenium.dev");
            
        //Longer way
        driver.navigate().to("https://selenium.dev");
        String title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Back
        driver.navigate().back();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Forward
        driver.navigate().forward();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        //Refresh
        driver.navigate().refresh();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        driver.quit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

14
16

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html")

title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.back()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Selenium"

driver.forward()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.refresh()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.quit()

View full example on GitHub

28
 31

Show full example

using System;
 using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
 using OpenQA.Selenium;
 using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
 
 namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
 {
     [TestClass]
     public class NavigationTest
     {
         [TestMethod]
         public void TestNavigationCommands()
         {
             IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
             driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);
 
             //Convenient
             driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev";
             //Longer
             driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
             var title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Back
             driver.Navigate().Back();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Forward
             driver.Navigate().Forward();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Refresh
             driver.Navigate().Refresh();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Quit the browser
             driver.Quit();
         }
     }
 }

View full example on GitHub

22
24

Show full example

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Browser' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  it 'navigates to a page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates back' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates forward' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    driver.navigate.forward
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
  end

  it 'refreshes the page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.refresh
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

28
31

Show full example

const {Builder } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");

describe('Interactions - Navigation', function () {
  let driver;

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser('chrome')
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Browser navigation test', async function () {
    //Convenient
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev');

    //Longer way
    await driver.navigate().to("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html");
    let title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Back
    await driver.navigate().back();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Selenium");

    //Forward
    await driver.navigate().forward();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Refresh
    await driver.navigate().refresh();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");
  });
});

View full example on GitHub

driver.navigate().forward()

更新

現在のページを更新する。

31
34

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class NavigationTest {
    @Test
    public void navigateBrowser() {
        
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
      
        //Convenient
        driver.get("https://selenium.dev");
            
        //Longer way
        driver.navigate().to("https://selenium.dev");
        String title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Back
        driver.navigate().back();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Forward
        driver.navigate().forward();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        //Refresh
        driver.navigate().refresh();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        driver.quit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

18
20

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html")

title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.back()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Selenium"

driver.forward()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.refresh()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.quit()

View full example on GitHub

33
 36

Show full example

using System;
 using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
 using OpenQA.Selenium;
 using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
 
 namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
 {
     [TestClass]
     public class NavigationTest
     {
         [TestMethod]
         public void TestNavigationCommands()
         {
             IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
             driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);
 
             //Convenient
             driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev";
             //Longer
             driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
             var title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Back
             driver.Navigate().Back();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Forward
             driver.Navigate().Forward();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Refresh
             driver.Navigate().Refresh();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Quit the browser
             driver.Quit();
         }
     }
 }

View full example on GitHub

28
30

Show full example

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Browser' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  it 'navigates to a page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates back' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates forward' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    driver.navigate.forward
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
  end

  it 'refreshes the page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.refresh
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

33
36

Show full example

const {Builder } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");

describe('Interactions - Navigation', function () {
  let driver;

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser('chrome')
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Browser navigation test', async function () {
    //Convenient
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev');

    //Longer way
    await driver.navigate().to("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html");
    let title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Back
    await driver.navigate().back();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Selenium");

    //Forward
    await driver.navigate().forward();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Refresh
    await driver.navigate().refresh();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");
  });
});

View full example on GitHub

driver.navigate().refresh()

2 - JavaScript アラート、プロンプトおよび確認

WebDriverは、JavaScriptが提供する3種類のネイティブポップアップメッセージを操作するためのAPIを提供します。これらのポップアップはブラウザーによってスタイルが設定され、カスタマイズが制限されています。

アラート

これらの最も単純なものはアラートと呼ばれ、カスタムメッセージと、ほとんどのブラウザーでOKのラベルが付いたアラートを非表示にする単一のボタンを表示します。ほとんどのブラウザーでは閉じるボタンを押すことで閉じることもできますが、これは常にOKボタンと同じことを行います。アラートの例を参照してください。

WebDriverはポップアップからテキストを取得し、これらのアラートを受け入れるか、または閉じることができます。

50
58

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import java.time.Duration;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class AlertsTest extends BaseTest {

    @Test
    public void testForAlerts() throws Exception {

        ChromeOptions chromeOptions = getDefaultChromeOptions();
        chromeOptions.addArguments("disable-search-engine-choice-screen");
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);

        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(500));
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        //Navigate to Url
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/interactions/alerts/");

        //Simple Alert
        //Click the link to activate the alert
        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        //execute js for alert
        js.executeScript("alert('Sample Alert');");
        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));
        //Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());

        Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
        //Store the alert text in a variable and verify it
        String text = alert.getText();
        assertEquals(text, "Sample Alert");
        //Press the OK button
        alert.accept();

        //Confirm
        //execute js for confirm
        js.executeScript("confirm('Are you sure?');");
        //Wait for the alert to be displayed
        wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));
        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());


        alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
        //Store the alert text in a variable and verify it
        text = alert.getText();
        assertEquals(text, "Are you sure?");
        //Press the Cancel button
        alert.dismiss();

        //Prompt
        //execute js for prompt
        js.executeScript("prompt('What is your name?');");
        //Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
        wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));
        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());

        alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
        //Store the alert text in a variable and verify it
        text = alert.getText();
        assertEquals(text, "What is your name?");
        //Type your message
        alert.sendKeys("Selenium");
        //Press the OK button
        alert.accept();
        //quit the browser
        driver.quit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

11
19

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

global url
url = "https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/interactions/alerts/"


def test_alert_popup():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get(url)
    element = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "See an example alert")
    element.click()

    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, timeout=2)
    alert = wait.until(lambda d : d.switch_to.alert)
    text = alert.text
    alert.accept()
    assert text == "Sample alert"

    driver.quit()

def test_confirm_popup():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get(url)
    element = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "See a sample confirm")
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", element)

    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, timeout=2)
    alert = wait.until(lambda d : d.switch_to.alert)
    text = alert.text
    alert.dismiss()
    assert text == "Are you sure?"

    driver.quit()

def test_prompt_popup():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get(url)
    element = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "See a sample prompt")
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", element)

    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, timeout=2)
    alert = wait.until(lambda d : d.switch_to.alert)
    alert.send_keys("Selenium")
    text = alert.text
    alert.accept()
    assert text == "What is your tool of choice?"
    
    driver.quit()

View full example on GitHub

//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("See an example alert")).Click();

//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
IAlert alert = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.AlertIsPresent());

//Store the alert text in a variable
string text = alert.Text;

//Press the OK button
alert.Accept();

14
23

Show full example

# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Alerts' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  before do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://selenium.dev'
  end

  it 'interacts with an alert' do
    driver.execute_script 'alert("Hello, World!")'

    # Store the alert reference in a variable
    alert = driver.switch_to.alert

    # Get the text of the alert
    alert.text

    # Press on Cancel button
    alert.dismiss
  end

  it 'interacts with a confirm' do
    driver.execute_script 'confirm("Are you sure?")'

    # Store the alert reference in a variable
    alert = driver.switch_to.alert

    # Get the text of the alert
    alert.text

    # Press on Cancel button
    alert.dismiss
  end

  it 'interacts with a prompt' do
    driver.execute_script 'prompt("What is your name?")'

    # Store the alert reference in a variable
    alert = driver.switch_to.alert

    # Type a message
    alert.send_keys('selenium')

    # Press on Ok button
    alert.accept
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

18
22

Show full example


const { By, Builder, until } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");


describe('Interactions - Alerts', function () {
    let driver;

    before(async function () {
        driver = await new Builder().forBrowser('chrome').build();
    });

    after(async () => await driver.quit());

    it('Should be able to getText from alert and accept', async function () {
        await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/alerts.html');
        await driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();
        await driver.wait(until.alertIsPresent());
        let alert = await driver.switchTo().alert();
        let alertText = await alert.getText();
        await alert.accept();
        // Verify
        assert.equal(alertText, "cheese");
    });

    it('Should be able to getText from alert and dismiss', async function () {
        await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/alerts.html');
        await driver.findElement(By.id("confirm")).click();
        await driver.wait(until.alertIsPresent());
        let alert = await driver.switchTo().alert();
        let alertText = await alert.getText();
        await alert.dismiss();
        // Verify
        assert.equal(alertText, "Are you sure?");
    });

    it('Should be able to enter text in alert prompt', async function () {
        let text = 'Selenium';
        await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/alerts.html');
        await driver.findElement(By.id("prompt")).click();
        await driver.wait(until.alertIsPresent());
        let alert = await driver.switchTo().alert();
        //Type your message
        await alert.sendKeys(text);
        await alert.accept();

        let enteredText = await driver.findElement(By.id('text'));
        assert.equal(await enteredText.getText(), text);
    });
});

View full example on GitHub

//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.findElement(By.linkText("See an example alert")).click()

//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
val alert = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent())

//Store the alert text in a variable
val text = alert.getText()

//Press the OK button
alert.accept()

確認

確認ダイアログボックスはアラートに似ていますが、ユーザーがメッセージをキャンセルすることも選択できる点が異なります。サンプルを確認してください。

この例は、アラートを保存する別の方法も示しています。

65
73

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import java.time.Duration;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class AlertsTest extends BaseTest {

    @Test
    public void testForAlerts() throws Exception {

        ChromeOptions chromeOptions = getDefaultChromeOptions();
        chromeOptions.addArguments("disable-search-engine-choice-screen");
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);

        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(500));
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        //Navigate to Url
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/interactions/alerts/");

        //Simple Alert
        //Click the link to activate the alert
        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        //execute js for alert
        js.executeScript("alert('Sample Alert');");
        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));
        //Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());

        Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
        //Store the alert text in a variable and verify it
        String text = alert.getText();
        assertEquals(text, "Sample Alert");
        //Press the OK button
        alert.accept();

        //Confirm
        //execute js for confirm
        js.executeScript("confirm('Are you sure?');");
        //Wait for the alert to be displayed
        wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));
        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());


        alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
        //Store the alert text in a variable and verify it
        text = alert.getText();
        assertEquals(text, "Are you sure?");
        //Press the Cancel button
        alert.dismiss();

        //Prompt
        //execute js for prompt
        js.executeScript("prompt('What is your name?');");
        //Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
        wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));
        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());

        alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
        //Store the alert text in a variable and verify it
        text = alert.getText();
        assertEquals(text, "What is your name?");
        //Type your message
        alert.sendKeys("Selenium");
        //Press the OK button
        alert.accept();
        //quit the browser
        driver.quit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

25
33

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

global url
url = "https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/interactions/alerts/"


def test_alert_popup():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get(url)
    element = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "See an example alert")
    element.click()

    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, timeout=2)
    alert = wait.until(lambda d : d.switch_to.alert)
    text = alert.text
    alert.accept()
    assert text == "Sample alert"

    driver.quit()

def test_confirm_popup():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get(url)
    element = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "See a sample confirm")
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", element)

    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, timeout=2)
    alert = wait.until(lambda d : d.switch_to.alert)
    text = alert.text
    alert.dismiss()
    assert text == "Are you sure?"

    driver.quit()

def test_prompt_popup():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get(url)
    element = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "See a sample prompt")
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", element)

    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, timeout=2)
    alert = wait.until(lambda d : d.switch_to.alert)
    alert.send_keys("Selenium")
    text = alert.text
    alert.accept()
    assert text == "What is your tool of choice?"
    
    driver.quit()

View full example on GitHub

//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("See a sample confirm")).Click();

//Wait for the alert to be displayed
wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.AlertIsPresent());

//Store the alert in a variable
IAlert alert = driver.SwitchTo().Alert();

//Store the alert in a variable for reuse
string text = alert.Text;

//Press the Cancel button
alert.Dismiss();

27
36

Show full example

# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Alerts' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  before do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://selenium.dev'
  end

  it 'interacts with an alert' do
    driver.execute_script 'alert("Hello, World!")'

    # Store the alert reference in a variable
    alert = driver.switch_to.alert

    # Get the text of the alert
    alert.text

    # Press on Cancel button
    alert.dismiss
  end

  it 'interacts with a confirm' do
    driver.execute_script 'confirm("Are you sure?")'

    # Store the alert reference in a variable
    alert = driver.switch_to.alert

    # Get the text of the alert
    alert.text

    # Press on Cancel button
    alert.dismiss
  end

  it 'interacts with a prompt' do
    driver.execute_script 'prompt("What is your name?")'

    # Store the alert reference in a variable
    alert = driver.switch_to.alert

    # Type a message
    alert.send_keys('selenium')

    # Press on Ok button
    alert.accept
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

29
33

Show full example


const { By, Builder, until } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");


describe('Interactions - Alerts', function () {
    let driver;

    before(async function () {
        driver = await new Builder().forBrowser('chrome').build();
    });

    after(async () => await driver.quit());

    it('Should be able to getText from alert and accept', async function () {
        await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/alerts.html');
        await driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();
        await driver.wait(until.alertIsPresent());
        let alert = await driver.switchTo().alert();
        let alertText = await alert.getText();
        await alert.accept();
        // Verify
        assert.equal(alertText, "cheese");
    });

    it('Should be able to getText from alert and dismiss', async function () {
        await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/alerts.html');
        await driver.findElement(By.id("confirm")).click();
        await driver.wait(until.alertIsPresent());
        let alert = await driver.switchTo().alert();
        let alertText = await alert.getText();
        await alert.dismiss();
        // Verify
        assert.equal(alertText, "Are you sure?");
    });

    it('Should be able to enter text in alert prompt', async function () {
        let text = 'Selenium';
        await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/alerts.html');
        await driver.findElement(By.id("prompt")).click();
        await driver.wait(until.alertIsPresent());
        let alert = await driver.switchTo().alert();
        //Type your message
        await alert.sendKeys(text);
        await alert.accept();

        let enteredText = await driver.findElement(By.id('text'));
        assert.equal(await enteredText.getText(), text);
    });
});

View full example on GitHub

//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.findElement(By.linkText("See a sample confirm")).click()

//Wait for the alert to be displayed
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent())

//Store the alert in a variable
val alert = driver.switchTo().alert()

//Store the alert in a variable for reuse
val text = alert.text

//Press the Cancel button
alert.dismiss()

プロンプト

プロンプトは確認ボックスに似ていますが、テキスト入力も含まれている点が異なります。フォーム要素の操作と同様に、WebDriverの送信キーを使用して応答を入力できます。これにより、プレースホルダーテキストが完全に置き換えられます。キャンセルボタンを押してもテキストは送信されません。サンプルプロンプトを参照してください。

79
89

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import java.time.Duration;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class AlertsTest extends BaseTest {

    @Test
    public void testForAlerts() throws Exception {

        ChromeOptions chromeOptions = getDefaultChromeOptions();
        chromeOptions.addArguments("disable-search-engine-choice-screen");
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);

        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(500));
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        //Navigate to Url
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/interactions/alerts/");

        //Simple Alert
        //Click the link to activate the alert
        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        //execute js for alert
        js.executeScript("alert('Sample Alert');");
        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));
        //Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());

        Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
        //Store the alert text in a variable and verify it
        String text = alert.getText();
        assertEquals(text, "Sample Alert");
        //Press the OK button
        alert.accept();

        //Confirm
        //execute js for confirm
        js.executeScript("confirm('Are you sure?');");
        //Wait for the alert to be displayed
        wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));
        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());


        alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
        //Store the alert text in a variable and verify it
        text = alert.getText();
        assertEquals(text, "Are you sure?");
        //Press the Cancel button
        alert.dismiss();

        //Prompt
        //execute js for prompt
        js.executeScript("prompt('What is your name?');");
        //Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
        wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(30));
        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());

        alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
        //Store the alert text in a variable and verify it
        text = alert.getText();
        assertEquals(text, "What is your name?");
        //Type your message
        alert.sendKeys("Selenium");
        //Press the OK button
        alert.accept();
        //quit the browser
        driver.quit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

39
48

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

global url
url = "https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/interactions/alerts/"


def test_alert_popup():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get(url)
    element = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "See an example alert")
    element.click()

    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, timeout=2)
    alert = wait.until(lambda d : d.switch_to.alert)
    text = alert.text
    alert.accept()
    assert text == "Sample alert"

    driver.quit()

def test_confirm_popup():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get(url)
    element = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "See a sample confirm")
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", element)

    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, timeout=2)
    alert = wait.until(lambda d : d.switch_to.alert)
    text = alert.text
    alert.dismiss()
    assert text == "Are you sure?"

    driver.quit()

def test_prompt_popup():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get(url)
    element = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "See a sample prompt")
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", element)

    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, timeout=2)
    alert = wait.until(lambda d : d.switch_to.alert)
    alert.send_keys("Selenium")
    text = alert.text
    alert.accept()
    assert text == "What is your tool of choice?"
    
    driver.quit()

View full example on GitHub

//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("See a sample prompt")).Click();

//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
IAlert alert = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.AlertIsPresent());

//Type your message
alert.SendKeys("Selenium");

//Press the OK button
alert.Accept();

40
49

Show full example

# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Alerts' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  before do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://selenium.dev'
  end

  it 'interacts with an alert' do
    driver.execute_script 'alert("Hello, World!")'

    # Store the alert reference in a variable
    alert = driver.switch_to.alert

    # Get the text of the alert
    alert.text

    # Press on Cancel button
    alert.dismiss
  end

  it 'interacts with a confirm' do
    driver.execute_script 'confirm("Are you sure?")'

    # Store the alert reference in a variable
    alert = driver.switch_to.alert

    # Get the text of the alert
    alert.text

    # Press on Cancel button
    alert.dismiss
  end

  it 'interacts with a prompt' do
    driver.execute_script 'prompt("What is your name?")'

    # Store the alert reference in a variable
    alert = driver.switch_to.alert

    # Type a message
    alert.send_keys('selenium')

    # Press on Ok button
    alert.accept
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

41
46

Show full example


const { By, Builder, until } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");


describe('Interactions - Alerts', function () {
    let driver;

    before(async function () {
        driver = await new Builder().forBrowser('chrome').build();
    });

    after(async () => await driver.quit());

    it('Should be able to getText from alert and accept', async function () {
        await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/alerts.html');
        await driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();
        await driver.wait(until.alertIsPresent());
        let alert = await driver.switchTo().alert();
        let alertText = await alert.getText();
        await alert.accept();
        // Verify
        assert.equal(alertText, "cheese");
    });

    it('Should be able to getText from alert and dismiss', async function () {
        await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/alerts.html');
        await driver.findElement(By.id("confirm")).click();
        await driver.wait(until.alertIsPresent());
        let alert = await driver.switchTo().alert();
        let alertText = await alert.getText();
        await alert.dismiss();
        // Verify
        assert.equal(alertText, "Are you sure?");
    });

    it('Should be able to enter text in alert prompt', async function () {
        let text = 'Selenium';
        await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/alerts.html');
        await driver.findElement(By.id("prompt")).click();
        await driver.wait(until.alertIsPresent());
        let alert = await driver.switchTo().alert();
        //Type your message
        await alert.sendKeys(text);
        await alert.accept();

        let enteredText = await driver.findElement(By.id('text'));
        assert.equal(await enteredText.getText(), text);
    });
});

View full example on GitHub

//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.findElement(By.linkText("See a sample prompt")).click()

//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
val alert = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent())

//Type your message
alert.sendKeys("Selenium")

//Press the OK button
alert.accept()

3 - クッキーの使用

Cookieは、Webサイトから送信され、コンピューターに保存される小さなデータです。 Cookieは、主にユーザーを認識し、保存されている情報を読み込むために使用されます。

WebDriver APIは、組み込みメソッドでCookieと対話するメソッドを提供します。

クッキーの追加

現在のブラウジングコンテキストにCookieを追加するために使用されます。 Cookieの追加では、一連の定義済みのシリアル化可能なJSONオブジェクトのみを受け入れます。受け入れられたJSONキー値のリストへのリンクはこちらにあります。

まず、Cookieが有効になるドメインにいる必要があります。サイトとの対話を開始する前にCookieを事前設定しようとしていて、ホームページが大きい場合/代替の読み込みに時間がかかる場合は、サイトで小さいページを見つけることです。（通常、たとえば http://example.com/some404page のような、404ページは小さいです。）

29
33

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import java.util.Set;

public class CookiesTest {

	WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
	@Test
	  public void addCookie() {
	      driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	      // Add cookie into current browser context
	      driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("key", "value"));
	      driver.quit();
	}
	    @Test
	    public void getNamedCookie() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookie into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("foo", "bar"));
	        // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
	        Cookie cookie = driver.manage().getCookieNamed("foo");
	        Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "bar");
	     
	        driver.quit();
	      }
	  

	    @Test
	    public void getAllCookies() {
	      
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookies into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
	        // Get cookies
	        Set<Cookie> cookies = driver.manage().getCookies();
	         for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
	            if (cookie.getName().equals("test1")) {
	                Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "cookie1");
	            }

	            if (cookie.getName().equals("test2")) {
	                Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "cookie2");
	            }
	         }
	         driver.quit();
	      }
	   

	    @Test
	    public void deleteCookieNamed() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        // delete cookie named
	        driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed("test1");
	        driver.quit();
	    }

	    @Test
	    public void deleteCookieObject() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test2", "cookie2");
	        driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);
	        /*
	        Selenium Java bindings also provides a way to delete
	        cookie by passing cookie object of current browsing context
	        */
	        driver.manage().deleteCookie(cookie);
	      
	        driver.quit();
	      }
	  

	    @Test
	    public void deleteAllCookies() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookies into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
	        // Delete All cookies
	        driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
	     
	        driver.quit();
	      }

		  @Test
		  public void sameSiteCookie() {
		    driver.get("http://www.example.com");

     	    Cookie cookie = new Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Strict").build();
            Cookie cookie1 = new Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Lax").build();

            driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);
            driver.manage().addCookie(cookie1);

            System.out.println(cookie.getSameSite());
            System.out.println(cookie1.getSameSite());

			driver.quit();
		  }
}

View full example on GitHub

4
10

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver


def add_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "key", "value": "value"})


def get_named_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo", "value": "bar"})

    # Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
    print(driver.get_cookie("foo"))


def get_all_cookies():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Get all available cookies
    print(driver.get_cookies())

def delete_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Delete cookie with name 'test1'
    driver.delete_cookie("test1")


def delete_all_cookies():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Delete all cookies
    driver.delete_all_cookies()


def same_side_cookie_attr():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo", "value": "value", "sameSite": "Strict"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo1", "value": "value", "sameSite": "Lax"})

    cookie1 = driver.get_cookie("foo")
    cookie2 = driver.get_cookie("foo1")

    print(cookie1)
    print(cookie2)

View full example on GitHub

31
35

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Interactions{

[TestClass]
public class CookiesTest{
     
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

     [TestMethod]
      public void addCookie(){
         driver.Url="https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookie into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("key", "value"));
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void getNamedCookie(){  
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookie into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("foo", "bar"));
         // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
         Cookie cookie = driver.Manage().Cookies.GetCookieNamed("foo");
         Assert.AreEqual(cookie.Value, "bar");
         driver.Quit();
     }

     [TestMethod]
     public void getAllCookies(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookies into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
         // Get cookies
         var cookies = driver.Manage().Cookies.AllCookies;
         foreach (var cookie in cookies){
             if (cookie.Name.Equals("test1")){
                 Assert.AreEqual("cookie1", cookie.Value);
             }
             if (cookie.Name.Equals("test2")){
                 Assert.AreEqual("cookie2", cookie.Value);
             }
         }
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteCookieNamed(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         // delete cookie named
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteCookieNamed("test1");
         driver.Quit();
     }

     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteCookieObject(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test2", "cookie2");
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(cookie);
         /*
      Selenium CSharp bindings also provides a way to delete
      cookie by passing cookie object of current browsing context
      */
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteCookie(cookie);
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteAllCookies(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookies into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
         // Delete All cookies
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
         driver.Quit();
     }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

require 'selenium-webdriver'
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome

begin
  driver.get 'https://www.example.com'
  
  # Adds the cookie into current browser context
  driver.manage.add_cookie(name: "key", value: "value")
ensure
  driver.quit
end

17
  19

Show full example


  const {Browser, Builder} = require("selenium-webdriver");
  
  
  describe('Cookies', function() {
    let driver;
  
    before(async function() {
      driver = new Builder()
        .forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
        .build();
    });
  
    after(async () => await driver.quit());
  
    it('Create a cookie', async function() {
      await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
  
      // set a cookie on the current domain
      await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value' });
    });
  
    it('Create cookies with sameSite', async function() {
      await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
  
      // set a cookie on the current domain with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
      await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value', sameSite: 'Strict' });
      await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value', sameSite: 'Lax' });
    });
  
    it('Read cookie', async function() {
      await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
  
      // set a cookie on the current domain
      await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'foo', value: 'bar' });
  
      // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
      await driver.manage().getCookie('foo').then(function(cookie) {
        console.log('cookie details => ', cookie);
      });
    });
  
    it('Read all cookies', async function() {
      await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
  
      // Add few cookies
      await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
      await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });
  
      // Get all Available cookies
      await driver.manage().getCookies().then(function(cookies) {
        console.log('cookie details => ', cookies);
      });
    });
  
    it('Delete a cookie', async function() {
      await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
  
      // Add few cookies
      await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
      await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });
  
      // Delete a cookie with name 'test1'
      await driver.manage().deleteCookie('test1');
  
      // Get all Available cookies
      await driver.manage().getCookies().then(function(cookies) {
        console.log('cookie details => ', cookies);
      });
    });
  
    it('Delete all cookies', async function() {
      await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
  
      // Add few cookies
      await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
      await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });
  
      // Delete all cookies
      await driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
    });
  });

View full example on GitHub

import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver

fun main() {
    val driver = ChromeDriver()
    try {
        driver.get("https://example.com")

        // Adds the cookie into current browser context
        driver.manage().addCookie(Cookie("key", "value"))
    } finally {
        driver.quit()
    }
}

命名されたクッキーの取得

関連付けられているすべてのCookieの中で、Cookie名と一致するシリアル化されたCookieデータを返します。

37
43

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import java.util.Set;

public class CookiesTest {

	WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
	@Test
	  public void addCookie() {
	      driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	      // Add cookie into current browser context
	      driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("key", "value"));
	      driver.quit();
	}
	    @Test
	    public void getNamedCookie() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookie into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("foo", "bar"));
	        // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
	        Cookie cookie = driver.manage().getCookieNamed("foo");
	        Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "bar");
	     
	        driver.quit();
	      }
	  

	    @Test
	    public void getAllCookies() {
	      
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookies into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
	        // Get cookies
	        Set<Cookie> cookies = driver.manage().getCookies();
	         for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
	            if (cookie.getName().equals("test1")) {
	                Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "cookie1");
	            }

	            if (cookie.getName().equals("test2")) {
	                Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "cookie2");
	            }
	         }
	         driver.quit();
	      }
	   

	    @Test
	    public void deleteCookieNamed() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        // delete cookie named
	        driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed("test1");
	        driver.quit();
	    }

	    @Test
	    public void deleteCookieObject() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test2", "cookie2");
	        driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);
	        /*
	        Selenium Java bindings also provides a way to delete
	        cookie by passing cookie object of current browsing context
	        */
	        driver.manage().deleteCookie(cookie);
	      
	        driver.quit();
	      }
	  

	    @Test
	    public void deleteAllCookies() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookies into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
	        // Delete All cookies
	        driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
	     
	        driver.quit();
	      }

		  @Test
		  public void sameSiteCookie() {
		    driver.get("http://www.example.com");

     	    Cookie cookie = new Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Strict").build();
            Cookie cookie1 = new Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Lax").build();

            driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);
            driver.manage().addCookie(cookie1);

            System.out.println(cookie.getSameSite());
            System.out.println(cookie1.getSameSite());

			driver.quit();
		  }
}

View full example on GitHub

12
21

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver


def add_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "key", "value": "value"})


def get_named_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo", "value": "bar"})

    # Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
    print(driver.get_cookie("foo"))


def get_all_cookies():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Get all available cookies
    print(driver.get_cookies())

def delete_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Delete cookie with name 'test1'
    driver.delete_cookie("test1")


def delete_all_cookies():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Delete all cookies
    driver.delete_all_cookies()


def same_side_cookie_attr():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo", "value": "value", "sameSite": "Strict"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo1", "value": "value", "sameSite": "Lax"})

    cookie1 = driver.get_cookie("foo")
    cookie2 = driver.get_cookie("foo1")

    print(cookie1)
    print(cookie2)

View full example on GitHub

39
45

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Interactions{

[TestClass]
public class CookiesTest{
     
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

     [TestMethod]
      public void addCookie(){
         driver.Url="https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookie into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("key", "value"));
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void getNamedCookie(){  
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookie into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("foo", "bar"));
         // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
         Cookie cookie = driver.Manage().Cookies.GetCookieNamed("foo");
         Assert.AreEqual(cookie.Value, "bar");
         driver.Quit();
     }

     [TestMethod]
     public void getAllCookies(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookies into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
         // Get cookies
         var cookies = driver.Manage().Cookies.AllCookies;
         foreach (var cookie in cookies){
             if (cookie.Name.Equals("test1")){
                 Assert.AreEqual("cookie1", cookie.Value);
             }
             if (cookie.Name.Equals("test2")){
                 Assert.AreEqual("cookie2", cookie.Value);
             }
         }
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteCookieNamed(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         // delete cookie named
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteCookieNamed("test1");
         driver.Quit();
     }

     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteCookieObject(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test2", "cookie2");
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(cookie);
         /*
      Selenium CSharp bindings also provides a way to delete
      cookie by passing cookie object of current browsing context
      */
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteCookie(cookie);
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteAllCookies(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookies into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
         // Delete All cookies
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
         driver.Quit();
     }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

require 'selenium-webdriver'
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome

begin
  driver.get 'https://www.example.com'
  driver.manage.add_cookie(name: "foo", value: "bar")

  # Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
  puts driver.manage.cookie_named('foo')
ensure
  driver.quit
end

34
39

Show full example


const {Browser, Builder} = require("selenium-webdriver");


describe('Cookies', function() {
  let driver;

  before(async function() {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Create a cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value' });
  });

  it('Create cookies with sameSite', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value', sameSite: 'Strict' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value', sameSite: 'Lax' });
  });

  it('Read cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'foo', value: 'bar' });

    // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
    await driver.manage().getCookie('foo').then(function(cookie) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookie);
    });
  });

  it('Read all cookies', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Get all Available cookies
    await driver.manage().getCookies().then(function(cookies) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookies);
    });
  });

  it('Delete a cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Delete a cookie with name 'test1'
    await driver.manage().deleteCookie('test1');

    // Get all Available cookies
    await driver.manage().getCookies().then(function(cookies) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookies);
    });
  });

  it('Delete all cookies', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Delete all cookies
    await driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
  });
});

View full example on GitHub

import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver

fun main() {
    val driver = ChromeDriver()
    try {
        driver.get("https://example.com")
        driver.manage().addCookie(Cookie("foo", "bar"))

        // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
        val cookie = driver.manage().getCookieNamed("foo")
        println(cookie)
    } finally {
        driver.quit()
    }
}

全てのクッキーの取得

現在のブラウジングコンテキストの ‘成功したシリアル化されたCookieデータ’ を返します。ブラウザが使用できなくなった場合、エラーが返されます。

51
67

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import java.util.Set;

public class CookiesTest {

	WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
	@Test
	  public void addCookie() {
	      driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	      // Add cookie into current browser context
	      driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("key", "value"));
	      driver.quit();
	}
	    @Test
	    public void getNamedCookie() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookie into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("foo", "bar"));
	        // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
	        Cookie cookie = driver.manage().getCookieNamed("foo");
	        Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "bar");
	     
	        driver.quit();
	      }
	  

	    @Test
	    public void getAllCookies() {
	      
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookies into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
	        // Get cookies
	        Set<Cookie> cookies = driver.manage().getCookies();
	         for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
	            if (cookie.getName().equals("test1")) {
	                Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "cookie1");
	            }

	            if (cookie.getName().equals("test2")) {
	                Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "cookie2");
	            }
	         }
	         driver.quit();
	      }
	   

	    @Test
	    public void deleteCookieNamed() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        // delete cookie named
	        driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed("test1");
	        driver.quit();
	    }

	    @Test
	    public void deleteCookieObject() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test2", "cookie2");
	        driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);
	        /*
	        Selenium Java bindings also provides a way to delete
	        cookie by passing cookie object of current browsing context
	        */
	        driver.manage().deleteCookie(cookie);
	      
	        driver.quit();
	      }
	  

	    @Test
	    public void deleteAllCookies() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookies into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
	        // Delete All cookies
	        driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
	     
	        driver.quit();
	      }

		  @Test
		  public void sameSiteCookie() {
		    driver.get("http://www.example.com");

     	    Cookie cookie = new Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Strict").build();
            Cookie cookie1 = new Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Lax").build();

            driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);
            driver.manage().addCookie(cookie1);

            System.out.println(cookie.getSameSite());
            System.out.println(cookie1.getSameSite());

			driver.quit();
		  }
}

View full example on GitHub

23
33

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver


def add_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "key", "value": "value"})


def get_named_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo", "value": "bar"})

    # Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
    print(driver.get_cookie("foo"))


def get_all_cookies():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Get all available cookies
    print(driver.get_cookies())

def delete_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Delete cookie with name 'test1'
    driver.delete_cookie("test1")


def delete_all_cookies():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Delete all cookies
    driver.delete_all_cookies()


def same_side_cookie_attr():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo", "value": "value", "sameSite": "Strict"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo1", "value": "value", "sameSite": "Lax"})

    cookie1 = driver.get_cookie("foo")
    cookie2 = driver.get_cookie("foo1")

    print(cookie1)
    print(cookie2)

View full example on GitHub

50
65

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Interactions{

[TestClass]
public class CookiesTest{
     
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

     [TestMethod]
      public void addCookie(){
         driver.Url="https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookie into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("key", "value"));
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void getNamedCookie(){  
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookie into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("foo", "bar"));
         // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
         Cookie cookie = driver.Manage().Cookies.GetCookieNamed("foo");
         Assert.AreEqual(cookie.Value, "bar");
         driver.Quit();
     }

     [TestMethod]
     public void getAllCookies(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookies into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
         // Get cookies
         var cookies = driver.Manage().Cookies.AllCookies;
         foreach (var cookie in cookies){
             if (cookie.Name.Equals("test1")){
                 Assert.AreEqual("cookie1", cookie.Value);
             }
             if (cookie.Name.Equals("test2")){
                 Assert.AreEqual("cookie2", cookie.Value);
             }
         }
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteCookieNamed(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         // delete cookie named
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteCookieNamed("test1");
         driver.Quit();
     }

     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteCookieObject(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test2", "cookie2");
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(cookie);
         /*
      Selenium CSharp bindings also provides a way to delete
      cookie by passing cookie object of current browsing context
      */
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteCookie(cookie);
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteAllCookies(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookies into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
         // Delete All cookies
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
         driver.Quit();
     }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

require 'selenium-webdriver'
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome

begin
  driver.get 'https://www.example.com'
  driver.manage.add_cookie(name: "test1", value: "cookie1")
  driver.manage.add_cookie(name: "test2", value: "cookie2")

  # Get all available cookies
  puts driver.manage.all_cookies
ensure
  driver.quit
end

48
52

Show full example


const {Browser, Builder} = require("selenium-webdriver");


describe('Cookies', function() {
  let driver;

  before(async function() {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Create a cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value' });
  });

  it('Create cookies with sameSite', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value', sameSite: 'Strict' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value', sameSite: 'Lax' });
  });

  it('Read cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'foo', value: 'bar' });

    // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
    await driver.manage().getCookie('foo').then(function(cookie) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookie);
    });
  });

  it('Read all cookies', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Get all Available cookies
    await driver.manage().getCookies().then(function(cookies) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookies);
    });
  });

  it('Delete a cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Delete a cookie with name 'test1'
    await driver.manage().deleteCookie('test1');

    // Get all Available cookies
    await driver.manage().getCookies().then(function(cookies) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookies);
    });
  });

  it('Delete all cookies', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Delete all cookies
    await driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
  });
});

View full example on GitHub

import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver

fun main() {
    val driver = ChromeDriver()
    try {
        driver.get("https://example.com")
        driver.manage().addCookie(Cookie("test1", "cookie1"))
        driver.manage().addCookie(Cookie("test2", "cookie2"))

        // Get All available cookies
        val cookies = driver.manage().cookies
        println(cookies)
    } finally {
        driver.quit()
    }
}

クッキーの削除

指定されたCookie名と一致するCookieデータを削除します。

73
78

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import java.util.Set;

public class CookiesTest {

	WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
	@Test
	  public void addCookie() {
	      driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	      // Add cookie into current browser context
	      driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("key", "value"));
	      driver.quit();
	}
	    @Test
	    public void getNamedCookie() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookie into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("foo", "bar"));
	        // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
	        Cookie cookie = driver.manage().getCookieNamed("foo");
	        Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "bar");
	     
	        driver.quit();
	      }
	  

	    @Test
	    public void getAllCookies() {
	      
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookies into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
	        // Get cookies
	        Set<Cookie> cookies = driver.manage().getCookies();
	         for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
	            if (cookie.getName().equals("test1")) {
	                Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "cookie1");
	            }

	            if (cookie.getName().equals("test2")) {
	                Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "cookie2");
	            }
	         }
	         driver.quit();
	      }
	   

	    @Test
	    public void deleteCookieNamed() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        // delete cookie named
	        driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed("test1");
	        driver.quit();
	    }

	    @Test
	    public void deleteCookieObject() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test2", "cookie2");
	        driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);
	        /*
	        Selenium Java bindings also provides a way to delete
	        cookie by passing cookie object of current browsing context
	        */
	        driver.manage().deleteCookie(cookie);
	      
	        driver.quit();
	      }
	  

	    @Test
	    public void deleteAllCookies() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookies into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
	        // Delete All cookies
	        driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
	     
	        driver.quit();
	      }

		  @Test
		  public void sameSiteCookie() {
		    driver.get("http://www.example.com");

     	    Cookie cookie = new Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Strict").build();
            Cookie cookie1 = new Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Lax").build();

            driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);
            driver.manage().addCookie(cookie1);

            System.out.println(cookie.getSameSite());
            System.out.println(cookie1.getSameSite());

			driver.quit();
		  }
}

View full example on GitHub

34
44

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver


def add_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "key", "value": "value"})


def get_named_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo", "value": "bar"})

    # Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
    print(driver.get_cookie("foo"))


def get_all_cookies():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Get all available cookies
    print(driver.get_cookies())

def delete_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Delete cookie with name 'test1'
    driver.delete_cookie("test1")


def delete_all_cookies():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Delete all cookies
    driver.delete_all_cookies()


def same_side_cookie_attr():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo", "value": "value", "sameSite": "Strict"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo1", "value": "value", "sameSite": "Lax"})

    cookie1 = driver.get_cookie("foo")
    cookie2 = driver.get_cookie("foo1")

    print(cookie1)
    print(cookie2)

View full example on GitHub

69
74

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Interactions{

[TestClass]
public class CookiesTest{
     
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

     [TestMethod]
      public void addCookie(){
         driver.Url="https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookie into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("key", "value"));
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void getNamedCookie(){  
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookie into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("foo", "bar"));
         // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
         Cookie cookie = driver.Manage().Cookies.GetCookieNamed("foo");
         Assert.AreEqual(cookie.Value, "bar");
         driver.Quit();
     }

     [TestMethod]
     public void getAllCookies(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookies into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
         // Get cookies
         var cookies = driver.Manage().Cookies.AllCookies;
         foreach (var cookie in cookies){
             if (cookie.Name.Equals("test1")){
                 Assert.AreEqual("cookie1", cookie.Value);
             }
             if (cookie.Name.Equals("test2")){
                 Assert.AreEqual("cookie2", cookie.Value);
             }
         }
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteCookieNamed(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         // delete cookie named
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteCookieNamed("test1");
         driver.Quit();
     }

     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteCookieObject(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test2", "cookie2");
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(cookie);
         /*
      Selenium CSharp bindings also provides a way to delete
      cookie by passing cookie object of current browsing context
      */
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteCookie(cookie);
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteAllCookies(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookies into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
         // Delete All cookies
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
         driver.Quit();
     }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

require 'selenium-webdriver'
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome

begin
  driver.get 'https://www.example.com'
  driver.manage.add_cookie(name: "test1", value: "cookie1")
  driver.manage.add_cookie(name: "test2", value: "cookie2")

  # delete a cookie with name 'test1'
  driver.manage.delete_cookie('test1')
ensure
  driver.quit
end

60
63

Show full example


const {Browser, Builder} = require("selenium-webdriver");


describe('Cookies', function() {
  let driver;

  before(async function() {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Create a cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value' });
  });

  it('Create cookies with sameSite', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value', sameSite: 'Strict' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value', sameSite: 'Lax' });
  });

  it('Read cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'foo', value: 'bar' });

    // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
    await driver.manage().getCookie('foo').then(function(cookie) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookie);
    });
  });

  it('Read all cookies', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Get all Available cookies
    await driver.manage().getCookies().then(function(cookies) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookies);
    });
  });

  it('Delete a cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Delete a cookie with name 'test1'
    await driver.manage().deleteCookie('test1');

    // Get all Available cookies
    await driver.manage().getCookies().then(function(cookies) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookies);
    });
  });

  it('Delete all cookies', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Delete all cookies
    await driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
  });
});

View full example on GitHub

import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver

fun main() {
    val driver = ChromeDriver()
    try {
        driver.get("https://example.com")
        driver.manage().addCookie(Cookie("test1", "cookie1"))
        val cookie1 = Cookie("test2", "cookie2")
        driver.manage().addCookie(cookie1)

        // delete a cookie with name 'test1'
        driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed("test1")

        // delete cookie by passing cookie object of current browsing context.
        driver.manage().deleteCookie(cookie1)
    } finally {
        driver.quit()
    }
}

全てのクッキーの削除

現在のブラウジングコンテキストの全てのCookieを削除します。

99
106

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import java.util.Set;

public class CookiesTest {

	WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
	@Test
	  public void addCookie() {
	      driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	      // Add cookie into current browser context
	      driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("key", "value"));
	      driver.quit();
	}
	    @Test
	    public void getNamedCookie() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookie into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("foo", "bar"));
	        // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
	        Cookie cookie = driver.manage().getCookieNamed("foo");
	        Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "bar");
	     
	        driver.quit();
	      }
	  

	    @Test
	    public void getAllCookies() {
	      
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookies into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
	        // Get cookies
	        Set<Cookie> cookies = driver.manage().getCookies();
	         for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
	            if (cookie.getName().equals("test1")) {
	                Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "cookie1");
	            }

	            if (cookie.getName().equals("test2")) {
	                Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "cookie2");
	            }
	         }
	         driver.quit();
	      }
	   

	    @Test
	    public void deleteCookieNamed() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        // delete cookie named
	        driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed("test1");
	        driver.quit();
	    }

	    @Test
	    public void deleteCookieObject() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test2", "cookie2");
	        driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);
	        /*
	        Selenium Java bindings also provides a way to delete
	        cookie by passing cookie object of current browsing context
	        */
	        driver.manage().deleteCookie(cookie);
	      
	        driver.quit();
	      }
	  

	    @Test
	    public void deleteAllCookies() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookies into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
	        // Delete All cookies
	        driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
	     
	        driver.quit();
	      }

		  @Test
		  public void sameSiteCookie() {
		    driver.get("http://www.example.com");

     	    Cookie cookie = new Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Strict").build();
            Cookie cookie1 = new Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Lax").build();

            driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);
            driver.manage().addCookie(cookie1);

            System.out.println(cookie.getSameSite());
            System.out.println(cookie1.getSameSite());

			driver.quit();
		  }
}

View full example on GitHub

46
56

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver


def add_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "key", "value": "value"})


def get_named_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo", "value": "bar"})

    # Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
    print(driver.get_cookie("foo"))


def get_all_cookies():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Get all available cookies
    print(driver.get_cookies())

def delete_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Delete cookie with name 'test1'
    driver.delete_cookie("test1")


def delete_all_cookies():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Delete all cookies
    driver.delete_all_cookies()


def same_side_cookie_attr():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo", "value": "value", "sameSite": "Strict"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo1", "value": "value", "sameSite": "Lax"})

    cookie1 = driver.get_cookie("foo")
    cookie2 = driver.get_cookie("foo1")

    print(cookie1)
    print(cookie2)

View full example on GitHub

91
98

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Interactions{

[TestClass]
public class CookiesTest{
     
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

     [TestMethod]
      public void addCookie(){
         driver.Url="https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookie into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("key", "value"));
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void getNamedCookie(){  
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookie into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("foo", "bar"));
         // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
         Cookie cookie = driver.Manage().Cookies.GetCookieNamed("foo");
         Assert.AreEqual(cookie.Value, "bar");
         driver.Quit();
     }

     [TestMethod]
     public void getAllCookies(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookies into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
         // Get cookies
         var cookies = driver.Manage().Cookies.AllCookies;
         foreach (var cookie in cookies){
             if (cookie.Name.Equals("test1")){
                 Assert.AreEqual("cookie1", cookie.Value);
             }
             if (cookie.Name.Equals("test2")){
                 Assert.AreEqual("cookie2", cookie.Value);
             }
         }
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteCookieNamed(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         // delete cookie named
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteCookieNamed("test1");
         driver.Quit();
     }

     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteCookieObject(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test2", "cookie2");
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(cookie);
         /*
      Selenium CSharp bindings also provides a way to delete
      cookie by passing cookie object of current browsing context
      */
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteCookie(cookie);
         driver.Quit();
     }
     
     [TestMethod]
     public void deleteAllCookies(){
         driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
         // Add cookies into current browser context
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
         driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
         // Delete All cookies
         driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
         driver.Quit();
     }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

require 'selenium-webdriver'
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome

begin
  driver.get 'https://www.example.com'
  driver.manage.add_cookie(name: "test1", value: "cookie1")
  driver.manage.add_cookie(name: "test2", value: "cookie2")

  # deletes all cookies
  driver.manage.delete_all_cookies
ensure
  driver.quit
end

76
79

Show full example


const {Browser, Builder} = require("selenium-webdriver");


describe('Cookies', function() {
  let driver;

  before(async function() {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Create a cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value' });
  });

  it('Create cookies with sameSite', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value', sameSite: 'Strict' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value', sameSite: 'Lax' });
  });

  it('Read cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'foo', value: 'bar' });

    // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
    await driver.manage().getCookie('foo').then(function(cookie) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookie);
    });
  });

  it('Read all cookies', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Get all Available cookies
    await driver.manage().getCookies().then(function(cookies) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookies);
    });
  });

  it('Delete a cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Delete a cookie with name 'test1'
    await driver.manage().deleteCookie('test1');

    // Get all Available cookies
    await driver.manage().getCookies().then(function(cookies) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookies);
    });
  });

  it('Delete all cookies', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Delete all cookies
    await driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
  });
});

View full example on GitHub

import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver

fun main() {
    val driver = ChromeDriver()
    try {
        driver.get("https://example.com")
        driver.manage().addCookie(Cookie("test1", "cookie1"))
        driver.manage().addCookie(Cookie("test2", "cookie2"))

        // deletes all cookies
        driver.manage().deleteAllCookies()
    } finally {
        driver.quit()
    }
}

SameSite Cookie属性

これにより、ユーザーは、サードパーティのサイトによって開始されたリクエストとともに Cookieを送信するかどうかをブラウザに指示できます。 CSRF（クロスサイトリクエストフォージェリ）攻撃を防ぐために導入されました。

SameSite Cookie属性は、2つのパラメーターを命令として受け入れます。

Strict:

SameSite属性が Strict に設定されている場合、CookieはサードパーティのWebサイトによって開始されたリクエストとともに送信されません。

Lax:

CookieのSameSite属性を Lax に設定すると、CookieはサードパーティのWebサイトによって開始されたGETリクエストとともに送信されます。

Note: As of now this feature is landed in chrome(80+version), Firefox(79+version) and works with Selenium 4 and later versions.

111
122

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import java.util.Set;

public class CookiesTest {

	WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
	@Test
	  public void addCookie() {
	      driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	      // Add cookie into current browser context
	      driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("key", "value"));
	      driver.quit();
	}
	    @Test
	    public void getNamedCookie() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookie into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("foo", "bar"));
	        // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
	        Cookie cookie = driver.manage().getCookieNamed("foo");
	        Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "bar");
	     
	        driver.quit();
	      }
	  

	    @Test
	    public void getAllCookies() {
	      
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookies into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
	        // Get cookies
	        Set<Cookie> cookies = driver.manage().getCookies();
	         for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
	            if (cookie.getName().equals("test1")) {
	                Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "cookie1");
	            }

	            if (cookie.getName().equals("test2")) {
	                Assertions.assertEquals(cookie.getValue(), "cookie2");
	            }
	         }
	         driver.quit();
	      }
	   

	    @Test
	    public void deleteCookieNamed() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        // delete cookie named
	        driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed("test1");
	        driver.quit();
	    }

	    @Test
	    public void deleteCookieObject() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test2", "cookie2");
	        driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);
	        /*
	        Selenium Java bindings also provides a way to delete
	        cookie by passing cookie object of current browsing context
	        */
	        driver.manage().deleteCookie(cookie);
	      
	        driver.quit();
	      }
	  

	    @Test
	    public void deleteAllCookies() {
	     
	        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
	        // Add cookies into current browser context
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test1", "cookie1"));
	        driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie("test2", "cookie2"));
	        // Delete All cookies
	        driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
	     
	        driver.quit();
	      }

		  @Test
		  public void sameSiteCookie() {
		    driver.get("http://www.example.com");

     	    Cookie cookie = new Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Strict").build();
            Cookie cookie1 = new Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Lax").build();

            driver.manage().addCookie(cookie);
            driver.manage().addCookie(cookie1);

            System.out.println(cookie.getSameSite());
            System.out.println(cookie1.getSameSite());

			driver.quit();
		  }
}

View full example on GitHub

58
72

Show full example

from selenium import webdriver


def add_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "key", "value": "value"})


def get_named_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo", "value": "bar"})

    # Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
    print(driver.get_cookie("foo"))


def get_all_cookies():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Get all available cookies
    print(driver.get_cookies())

def delete_cookie():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Delete cookie with name 'test1'
    driver.delete_cookie("test1")


def delete_all_cookies():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test1", "value": "cookie1"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "test2", "value": "cookie2"})

    # Delete all cookies
    driver.delete_all_cookies()


def same_side_cookie_attr():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get("http://www.example.com")

    # Adds the cookie into current browser context with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo", "value": "value", "sameSite": "Strict"})
    driver.add_cookie({"name": "foo1", "value": "value", "sameSite": "Lax"})

    cookie1 = driver.get_cookie("foo")
    cookie2 = driver.get_cookie("foo1")

    print(cookie1)
    print(cookie2)

View full example on GitHub

using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SameSiteCookie {
  class SameSiteCookie {
    static void Main(string[] args) {
      IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
      try {
        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("http://www.example.com");

        var cookie1Dictionary = new System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<string, object>() {
          { "name", "test1" }, { "value", "cookie1" }, { "sameSite", "Strict" } };
        var cookie1 = Cookie.FromDictionary(cookie1Dictionary);

        var cookie2Dictionary = new System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<string, object>() {
          { "name", "test2" }, { "value", "cookie2" }, { "sameSite", "Lax" } };
        var cookie2 = Cookie.FromDictionary(cookie2Dictionary);

        driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(cookie1);
        driver.Manage().Cookies.AddCookie(cookie2);

        System.Console.WriteLine(cookie1.SameSite);
        System.Console.WriteLine(cookie2.SameSite);
      } finally {
        driver.Quit();
      }
    }
  }
}

require 'selenium-webdriver'
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome

begin
  driver.get 'https://www.example.com'
  # Adds the cookie into current browser context with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
  driver.manage.add_cookie(name: "foo", value: "bar", same_site: "Strict")
  driver.manage.add_cookie(name: "foo1", value: "bar", same_site: "Lax")
  puts driver.manage.cookie_named('foo')
  puts driver.manage.cookie_named('foo1')
ensure
  driver.quit
end

23
27

Show full example


const {Browser, Builder} = require("selenium-webdriver");


describe('Cookies', function() {
  let driver;

  before(async function() {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Create a cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value' });
  });

  it('Create cookies with sameSite', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain with sameSite 'Strict' (or) 'Lax'
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value', sameSite: 'Strict' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'key', value: 'value', sameSite: 'Lax' });
  });

  it('Read cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // set a cookie on the current domain
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'foo', value: 'bar' });

    // Get cookie details with named cookie 'foo'
    await driver.manage().getCookie('foo').then(function(cookie) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookie);
    });
  });

  it('Read all cookies', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Get all Available cookies
    await driver.manage().getCookies().then(function(cookies) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookies);
    });
  });

  it('Delete a cookie', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Delete a cookie with name 'test1'
    await driver.manage().deleteCookie('test1');

    // Get all Available cookies
    await driver.manage().getCookies().then(function(cookies) {
      console.log('cookie details => ', cookies);
    });
  });

  it('Delete all cookies', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');

    // Add few cookies
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test1', value: 'cookie1' });
    await driver.manage().addCookie({ name: 'test2', value: 'cookie2' });

    // Delete all cookies
    await driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
  });
});

View full example on GitHub

import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver

fun main() {
    val driver = ChromeDriver()
    try {
        driver.get("http://www.example.com")
        val cookie = Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Strict").build()
        val cookie1 = Cookie.Builder("key", "value").sameSite("Lax").build()
        driver.manage().addCookie(cookie)
        driver.manage().addCookie(cookie1)
        println(cookie.getSameSite())
        println(cookie1.getSameSite())
    } finally {
        driver.quit()
    }
}

4 - IFrame と Frame の操作

Frameは、同じドメイン上の複数のドキュメントからサイトレイアウトを構築する非推奨の手段となりました。 HTML5以前のWebアプリを使用している場合を除き、frameを使用することはほとんどありません。 iFrameは、まったく異なるドメインからのドキュメントの挿入を許可し、今でも一般的に使用されています。

FrameまたはiFrameを使用する必要がある場合、Webdriverを使用して同じ方法で作業できます。 iFrame内のボタンがある場合を考えてみましょう。ブラウザー開発ツールを使用して要素を検査すると、次のように表示される場合があります。

<div id="modal">
  <iframe id="buttonframe" name="myframe"  src="https://seleniumhq.github.io">
   <button>Click here</button>
 </iframe>
</div>

iFrameがなければ、次のようなボタンを使用してボタンをクリックします。

//This won't work
driver.findElement(By.tagName("button")).click();

    # This Wont work
driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, 'button').click()

//This won't work
driver.FindElement(By.TagName("button")).Click();

    # This won't work
driver.find_element(:tag_name,'button').click

// This won't work
await driver.findElement(By.css('button')).click();

//This won't work
driver.findElement(By.tagName("button")).click()

ただし、iFrameの外側にボタンがない場合は、代わりにno such elementエラーが発生する可能性があります。これは、Seleniumがトップレベルのドキュメントの要素のみを認識するために発生します。ボタンを操作するには、ウィンドウを切り替える方法と同様に、最初にFrameに切り替える必要があります。 WebDriverは、Frameに切り替える3つの方法を提供します。

WebElementを使う

WebElementを使用した切り替えは、最も柔軟なオプションです。好みのセレクタを使用してFrameを見つけ、それに切り替えることができます。

37
47

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import java.time.Duration;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class FramesTest{

    @Test
    public void informationWithElements() {
    	
    	 WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
         driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(500));
        
         // Navigate to Url
         driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/iframes.html");
        
         
         //switch To IFrame using Web Element
         WebElement iframe = driver.findElement(By.id("iframe1"));
         //Switch to the frame
         driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("We Leave From Here"));
         //Now we can type text into email field
         WebElement emailE = driver.findElement(By.id("email"));
         emailE.sendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
         emailE.clear();
         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
       
         
         //switch To IFrame using name or id
         driver.findElement(By.name("iframe1-name"));
         //Switch to the frame
         driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("We Leave From Here"));
         WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.id("email"));
         //Now we can type text into email field
         email.sendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
         email.clear();
         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
     
         
         //switch To IFrame using index
         driver.switchTo().frame(0);
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("We Leave From Here"));
         
         //leave frame
         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("This page has iframes"));
         
         //quit the browser
         driver.quit();
    }

}

View full example on GitHub

23
33

Show full example

# Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
# specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

#set chrome and launch web page
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/iframes.html")

# --- Switch to iframe using WebElement ---
iframe = driver.find_element(By.ID, "iframe1")
driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)
assert "We Leave From Here" in driver.page_source

email_element = driver.find_element(By.ID, "email")
email_element.send_keys("admin@selenium.dev")
email_element.clear()
driver.switch_to.default_content()

# --- Switch to iframe using name or ID ---
iframe1=driver.find_element(By.NAME, "iframe1-name")  # (This line doesn't switch, just locates)
driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)
assert "We Leave From Here" in driver.page_source

email = driver.find_element(By.ID, "email")
email.send_keys("admin@selenium.dev")
email.clear()
driver.switch_to.default_content()

# --- Switch to iframe using index ---
driver.switch_to.frame(0)
assert "We Leave From Here" in driver.page_source

# --- Final page content check ---
driver.switch_to.default_content()
assert "This page has iframes" in driver.page_source

#quit the driver
driver.quit()

#demo code for conference

View full example on GitHub

37
47

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.


using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Interactions
{
  [TestClass]
    public class FramesTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestFrames()
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);

            // Navigate to Url
            driver.Url= "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/iframes.html";
            //switch To IFrame using Web Element
            IWebElement iframe = driver.FindElement(By.Id("iframe1"));
            //Switch to the frame
            driver.SwitchTo().Frame(iframe);
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("We Leave From Here"));
            //Now we can type text into email field
            IWebElement emailE = driver.FindElement(By.Id("email"));
            emailE.SendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
            emailE.Clear();
            driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();


            //switch To IFrame using name or id
            driver.FindElement(By.Name("iframe1-name"));
            //Switch to the frame
            driver.SwitchTo().Frame(iframe);
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("We Leave From Here"));
            IWebElement email = driver.FindElement(By.Id("email"));
            //Now we can type text into email field
            email.SendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
            email.Clear();
            driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();


            //switch To IFrame using index
            driver.SwitchTo().Frame(0);
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("We Leave From Here"));

            //leave frame
            driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("This page has iframes"));

            //quit the browser
            driver.Quit();
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

    # Store iframe web element
iframe = driver.find_element(:css,'#modal > iframe')

    # Switch to the frame
driver.switch_to.frame iframe

    # Now, Click on the button
driver.find_element(:tag_name,'button').click

// Store the web element
const iframe = driver.findElement(By.css('#modal > iframe'));

// Switch to the frame
await driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);

// Now we can click the button
await driver.findElement(By.css('button')).click();

//Store the web element
val iframe = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#modal>iframe"))

//Switch to the frame
driver.switchTo().frame(iframe)

//Now we can click the button
driver.findElement(By.tagName("button")).click()

nameまたはIDを使う

FrameまたはiFrameにidまたはname属性がある場合、代わりにこれを使うことができます。名前またはIDがページ上で一意でない場合、最初に見つかったものに切り替えます。

49
59

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import java.time.Duration;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class FramesTest{

    @Test
    public void informationWithElements() {
    	
    	 WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
         driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(500));
        
         // Navigate to Url
         driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/iframes.html");
        
         
         //switch To IFrame using Web Element
         WebElement iframe = driver.findElement(By.id("iframe1"));
         //Switch to the frame
         driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("We Leave From Here"));
         //Now we can type text into email field
         WebElement emailE = driver.findElement(By.id("email"));
         emailE.sendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
         emailE.clear();
         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
       
         
         //switch To IFrame using name or id
         driver.findElement(By.name("iframe1-name"));
         //Switch to the frame
         driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("We Leave From Here"));
         WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.id("email"));
         //Now we can type text into email field
         email.sendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
         email.clear();
         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
     
         
         //switch To IFrame using index
         driver.switchTo().frame(0);
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("We Leave From Here"));
         
         //leave frame
         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("This page has iframes"));
         
         //quit the browser
         driver.quit();
    }

}

View full example on GitHub

33
43

Show full example

# Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
# specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

#set chrome and launch web page
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/iframes.html")

# --- Switch to iframe using WebElement ---
iframe = driver.find_element(By.ID, "iframe1")
driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)
assert "We Leave From Here" in driver.page_source

email_element = driver.find_element(By.ID, "email")
email_element.send_keys("admin@selenium.dev")
email_element.clear()
driver.switch_to.default_content()

# --- Switch to iframe using name or ID ---
iframe1=driver.find_element(By.NAME, "iframe1-name")  # (This line doesn't switch, just locates)
driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)
assert "We Leave From Here" in driver.page_source

email = driver.find_element(By.ID, "email")
email.send_keys("admin@selenium.dev")
email.clear()
driver.switch_to.default_content()

# --- Switch to iframe using index ---
driver.switch_to.frame(0)
assert "We Leave From Here" in driver.page_source

# --- Final page content check ---
driver.switch_to.default_content()
assert "This page has iframes" in driver.page_source

#quit the driver
driver.quit()

#demo code for conference

View full example on GitHub

49
59

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.


using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Interactions
{
  [TestClass]
    public class FramesTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestFrames()
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);

            // Navigate to Url
            driver.Url= "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/iframes.html";
            //switch To IFrame using Web Element
            IWebElement iframe = driver.FindElement(By.Id("iframe1"));
            //Switch to the frame
            driver.SwitchTo().Frame(iframe);
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("We Leave From Here"));
            //Now we can type text into email field
            IWebElement emailE = driver.FindElement(By.Id("email"));
            emailE.SendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
            emailE.Clear();
            driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();


            //switch To IFrame using name or id
            driver.FindElement(By.Name("iframe1-name"));
            //Switch to the frame
            driver.SwitchTo().Frame(iframe);
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("We Leave From Here"));
            IWebElement email = driver.FindElement(By.Id("email"));
            //Now we can type text into email field
            email.SendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
            email.Clear();
            driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();


            //switch To IFrame using index
            driver.SwitchTo().Frame(0);
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("We Leave From Here"));

            //leave frame
            driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("This page has iframes"));

            //quit the browser
            driver.Quit();
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

// Using the ID
await driver.switchTo().frame('buttonframe');

// Or using the name instead
await driver.switchTo().frame('myframe');

// Now we can click the button
await driver.findElement(By.css('button')).click();

//Using the ID
driver.switchTo().frame("buttonframe")

//Or using the name instead
driver.switchTo().frame("myframe")

//Now we can click the button
driver.findElement(By.tagName("button")).click()

インデックスを使う

JavaScriptの window.frames を使用して照会できるように、Frameのインデックスを使用することもできます。

61
64

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import java.time.Duration;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class FramesTest{

    @Test
    public void informationWithElements() {
    	
    	 WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
         driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(500));
        
         // Navigate to Url
         driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/iframes.html");
        
         
         //switch To IFrame using Web Element
         WebElement iframe = driver.findElement(By.id("iframe1"));
         //Switch to the frame
         driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("We Leave From Here"));
         //Now we can type text into email field
         WebElement emailE = driver.findElement(By.id("email"));
         emailE.sendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
         emailE.clear();
         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
       
         
         //switch To IFrame using name or id
         driver.findElement(By.name("iframe1-name"));
         //Switch to the frame
         driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("We Leave From Here"));
         WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.id("email"));
         //Now we can type text into email field
         email.sendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
         email.clear();
         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
     
         
         //switch To IFrame using index
         driver.switchTo().frame(0);
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("We Leave From Here"));
         
         //leave frame
         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("This page has iframes"));
         
         //quit the browser
         driver.quit();
    }

}

View full example on GitHub

44
47

Show full example

# Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
# specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

#set chrome and launch web page
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/iframes.html")

# --- Switch to iframe using WebElement ---
iframe = driver.find_element(By.ID, "iframe1")
driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)
assert "We Leave From Here" in driver.page_source

email_element = driver.find_element(By.ID, "email")
email_element.send_keys("admin@selenium.dev")
email_element.clear()
driver.switch_to.default_content()

# --- Switch to iframe using name or ID ---
iframe1=driver.find_element(By.NAME, "iframe1-name")  # (This line doesn't switch, just locates)
driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)
assert "We Leave From Here" in driver.page_source

email = driver.find_element(By.ID, "email")
email.send_keys("admin@selenium.dev")
email.clear()
driver.switch_to.default_content()

# --- Switch to iframe using index ---
driver.switch_to.frame(0)
assert "We Leave From Here" in driver.page_source

# --- Final page content check ---
driver.switch_to.default_content()
assert "This page has iframes" in driver.page_source

#quit the driver
driver.quit()

#demo code for conference

View full example on GitHub

# Switch to the second frame
driver.switch_to.frame(1)

61
64

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.


using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Interactions
{
  [TestClass]
    public class FramesTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestFrames()
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);

            // Navigate to Url
            driver.Url= "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/iframes.html";
            //switch To IFrame using Web Element
            IWebElement iframe = driver.FindElement(By.Id("iframe1"));
            //Switch to the frame
            driver.SwitchTo().Frame(iframe);
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("We Leave From Here"));
            //Now we can type text into email field
            IWebElement emailE = driver.FindElement(By.Id("email"));
            emailE.SendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
            emailE.Clear();
            driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();


            //switch To IFrame using name or id
            driver.FindElement(By.Name("iframe1-name"));
            //Switch to the frame
            driver.SwitchTo().Frame(iframe);
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("We Leave From Here"));
            IWebElement email = driver.FindElement(By.Id("email"));
            //Now we can type text into email field
            email.SendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
            email.Clear();
            driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();


            //switch To IFrame using index
            driver.SwitchTo().Frame(0);
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("We Leave From Here"));

            //leave frame
            driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("This page has iframes"));

            //quit the browser
            driver.Quit();
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

// Switches to the second frame
await driver.switchTo().frame(1);

// Switches to the second frame
driver.switchTo().frame(1)

Frameを終了する

iFrameまたはFrameセットを終了するには、次のようにデフォルトのコンテンツに切り替えます。

65
68

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import java.time.Duration;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class FramesTest{

    @Test
    public void informationWithElements() {
    	
    	 WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
         driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofMillis(500));
        
         // Navigate to Url
         driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/iframes.html");
        
         
         //switch To IFrame using Web Element
         WebElement iframe = driver.findElement(By.id("iframe1"));
         //Switch to the frame
         driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("We Leave From Here"));
         //Now we can type text into email field
         WebElement emailE = driver.findElement(By.id("email"));
         emailE.sendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
         emailE.clear();
         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
       
         
         //switch To IFrame using name or id
         driver.findElement(By.name("iframe1-name"));
         //Switch to the frame
         driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("We Leave From Here"));
         WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.id("email"));
         //Now we can type text into email field
         email.sendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
         email.clear();
         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
     
         
         //switch To IFrame using index
         driver.switchTo().frame(0);
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("We Leave From Here"));
         
         //leave frame
         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
         assertEquals(true, driver.getPageSource().contains("This page has iframes"));
         
         //quit the browser
         driver.quit();
    }

}

View full example on GitHub

    # switch back to default content
driver.switch_to.default_content()

65
68

Show full example

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.


using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Interactions
{
  [TestClass]
    public class FramesTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestFrames()
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);

            // Navigate to Url
            driver.Url= "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/iframes.html";
            //switch To IFrame using Web Element
            IWebElement iframe = driver.FindElement(By.Id("iframe1"));
            //Switch to the frame
            driver.SwitchTo().Frame(iframe);
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("We Leave From Here"));
            //Now we can type text into email field
            IWebElement emailE = driver.FindElement(By.Id("email"));
            emailE.SendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
            emailE.Clear();
            driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();


            //switch To IFrame using name or id
            driver.FindElement(By.Name("iframe1-name"));
            //Switch to the frame
            driver.SwitchTo().Frame(iframe);
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("We Leave From Here"));
            IWebElement email = driver.FindElement(By.Id("email"));
            //Now we can type text into email field
            email.SendKeys("admin@selenium.dev");
            email.Clear();
            driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();


            //switch To IFrame using index
            driver.SwitchTo().Frame(0);
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("We Leave From Here"));

            //leave frame
            driver.SwitchTo().DefaultContent();
            Assert.AreEqual(true, driver.PageSource.Contains("This page has iframes"));

            //quit the browser
            driver.Quit();
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

    # Return to the top level
driver.switch_to.default_content

// Return to the top level
await driver.switchTo().defaultContent();

// Return to the top level
driver.switchTo().defaultContent()

5 - Print Page

Printing a webpage is a common task, whether for sharing information or maintaining archives. Selenium simplifies this process through its PrintOptions, PrintsPage, and browsingContext classes, which provide a flexible and intuitive interface for automating the printing of web pages. These classes enable you to configure printing preferences, such as page layout, margins, and scaling, ensuring that the output meets your specific requirements.

Configuring

Orientation

Using the getOrientation() and setOrientation() methods, you can get/set the page orientation — either PORTRAIT or LANDSCAPE.

13
18

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageMargin;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PrintOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageSize;
import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;

public class PrintOptionsTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @Test
    public void TestOrientation() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setOrientation(PrintOptions.Orientation.LANDSCAPE);
        PrintOptions.Orientation current_orientation = printOptions.getOrientation();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestRange() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageRanges("1-2");
        String[] current_range = printOptions.getPageRanges();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestSize() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageSize(new PageSize(27.94, 21.59)); // A4 size in cm
        double currentHeight = printOptions.getPageSize().getHeight(); // use getWidth() to retrieve width
    }

    @Test
    public void TestMargins() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        PageMargin margins = new PageMargin(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0);
        printOptions.setPageMargin(margins);
        double topMargin = margins.getTop();
        double bottomMargin = margins.getBottom();
        double leftMargin = margins.getLeft();
        double rightMargin = margins.getRight();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestScale() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setScale(.50);
        double current_scale = printOptions.getScale();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestBackground() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setBackground(true);
        boolean current_background = printOptions.getBackground();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestShrinkToFit() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setShrinkToFit(true);
        boolean current_shrink_to_fit = printOptions.getShrinkToFit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

11
20

Show full example

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
{
    [TestClass]
    public class PrintOptionsTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestOrientation()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.Orientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape;
            PrintOrientation currentOrientation = printOptions.Orientation;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestRange()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.AddPageRangeToPrint("1-3"); // add range of pages
            printOptions.AddPageToPrint(5); // add individual page
        }   

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestSize()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.PageSize currentDimensions = printOptions.PageDimensions;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestBackgrounds()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages = true;
            bool currentBackgrounds = printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestMargins()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.Margins currentMargins = printOptions.PageMargins;
        }


        [TestMethod]
        public void TestScale()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ScaleFactor = 0.5;
            double currentScale = printOptions.ScaleFactor;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestShrinkToFit()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ShrinkToFit = true;
            bool currentShrinkToFit = printOptions.ShrinkToFit;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void PrintWithPrintsPageTest() 
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintDocument printedPage = driver.Print(printOptions);
            Assert.IsTrue(printedPage.AsBase64EncodedString.StartsWith("JVBER"));
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

11
15

Show full example

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.print_page_options import PrintOptions

@pytest.fixture()
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

def test_orientation(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.orientation = "landscape" ## landscape or portrait
    assert print_options.orientation == "landscape"

def test_range(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_ranges = ["1, 2, 3"] ## ["1", "2", "3"] or ["1-3"]
    assert print_options.page_ranges == ["1, 2, 3"]

def test_size(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_height = 27.94  # Use page_width to assign width
    assert print_options.page_height == 27.94

def test_margin(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.margin_top = 10
    print_options.margin_bottom = 10
    print_options.margin_left = 10
    print_options.margin_right = 10
    assert print_options.margin_top == 10
    assert print_options.margin_bottom == 10
    assert print_options.margin_left == 10
    assert print_options.margin_right == 10

def test_scale(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.scale = 0.5 ## 0.1 to 2.0
    current_scale = print_options.scale
    assert current_scale == 0.5

def test_background(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.background = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.background is True

def test_shrink_to_fit(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.shrink_to_fit = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.shrink_to_fit is True

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

Range

Using the getPageRanges() and setPageRanges() methods, you can get/set the range of pages to print — e.g. “2-4”.

22
27

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageMargin;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PrintOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageSize;
import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;

public class PrintOptionsTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @Test
    public void TestOrientation() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setOrientation(PrintOptions.Orientation.LANDSCAPE);
        PrintOptions.Orientation current_orientation = printOptions.getOrientation();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestRange() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageRanges("1-2");
        String[] current_range = printOptions.getPageRanges();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestSize() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageSize(new PageSize(27.94, 21.59)); // A4 size in cm
        double currentHeight = printOptions.getPageSize().getHeight(); // use getWidth() to retrieve width
    }

    @Test
    public void TestMargins() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        PageMargin margins = new PageMargin(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0);
        printOptions.setPageMargin(margins);
        double topMargin = margins.getTop();
        double bottomMargin = margins.getBottom();
        double leftMargin = margins.getLeft();
        double rightMargin = margins.getRight();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestScale() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setScale(.50);
        double current_scale = printOptions.getScale();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestBackground() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setBackground(true);
        boolean current_background = printOptions.getBackground();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestShrinkToFit() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setShrinkToFit(true);
        boolean current_shrink_to_fit = printOptions.getShrinkToFit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

21
30

Show full example

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
{
    [TestClass]
    public class PrintOptionsTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestOrientation()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.Orientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape;
            PrintOrientation currentOrientation = printOptions.Orientation;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestRange()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.AddPageRangeToPrint("1-3"); // add range of pages
            printOptions.AddPageToPrint(5); // add individual page
        }   

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestSize()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.PageSize currentDimensions = printOptions.PageDimensions;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestBackgrounds()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages = true;
            bool currentBackgrounds = printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestMargins()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.Margins currentMargins = printOptions.PageMargins;
        }


        [TestMethod]
        public void TestScale()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ScaleFactor = 0.5;
            double currentScale = printOptions.ScaleFactor;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestShrinkToFit()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ShrinkToFit = true;
            bool currentShrinkToFit = printOptions.ShrinkToFit;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void PrintWithPrintsPageTest() 
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintDocument printedPage = driver.Print(printOptions);
            Assert.IsTrue(printedPage.AsBase64EncodedString.StartsWith("JVBER"));
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

17
21

Show full example

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.print_page_options import PrintOptions

@pytest.fixture()
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

def test_orientation(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.orientation = "landscape" ## landscape or portrait
    assert print_options.orientation == "landscape"

def test_range(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_ranges = ["1, 2, 3"] ## ["1", "2", "3"] or ["1-3"]
    assert print_options.page_ranges == ["1, 2, 3"]

def test_size(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_height = 27.94  # Use page_width to assign width
    assert print_options.page_height == 27.94

def test_margin(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.margin_top = 10
    print_options.margin_bottom = 10
    print_options.margin_left = 10
    print_options.margin_right = 10
    assert print_options.margin_top == 10
    assert print_options.margin_bottom == 10
    assert print_options.margin_left == 10
    assert print_options.margin_right == 10

def test_scale(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.scale = 0.5 ## 0.1 to 2.0
    current_scale = print_options.scale
    assert current_scale == 0.5

def test_background(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.background = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.background is True

def test_shrink_to_fit(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.shrink_to_fit = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.shrink_to_fit is True

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

Size

Using the getPageSize() and setPageSize() methods, you can get/set the paper size to print — e.g. “A0”, “A6”, “Legal”, “Tabloid”, etc.

31
36

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageMargin;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PrintOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageSize;
import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;

public class PrintOptionsTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @Test
    public void TestOrientation() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setOrientation(PrintOptions.Orientation.LANDSCAPE);
        PrintOptions.Orientation current_orientation = printOptions.getOrientation();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestRange() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageRanges("1-2");
        String[] current_range = printOptions.getPageRanges();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestSize() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageSize(new PageSize(27.94, 21.59)); // A4 size in cm
        double currentHeight = printOptions.getPageSize().getHeight(); // use getWidth() to retrieve width
    }

    @Test
    public void TestMargins() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        PageMargin margins = new PageMargin(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0);
        printOptions.setPageMargin(margins);
        double topMargin = margins.getTop();
        double bottomMargin = margins.getBottom();
        double leftMargin = margins.getLeft();
        double rightMargin = margins.getRight();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestScale() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setScale(.50);
        double current_scale = printOptions.getScale();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestBackground() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setBackground(true);
        boolean current_background = printOptions.getBackground();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestShrinkToFit() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setShrinkToFit(true);
        boolean current_shrink_to_fit = printOptions.getShrinkToFit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

31
39

Show full example

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
{
    [TestClass]
    public class PrintOptionsTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestOrientation()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.Orientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape;
            PrintOrientation currentOrientation = printOptions.Orientation;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestRange()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.AddPageRangeToPrint("1-3"); // add range of pages
            printOptions.AddPageToPrint(5); // add individual page
        }   

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestSize()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.PageSize currentDimensions = printOptions.PageDimensions;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestBackgrounds()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages = true;
            bool currentBackgrounds = printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestMargins()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.Margins currentMargins = printOptions.PageMargins;
        }


        [TestMethod]
        public void TestScale()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ScaleFactor = 0.5;
            double currentScale = printOptions.ScaleFactor;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestShrinkToFit()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ShrinkToFit = true;
            bool currentShrinkToFit = printOptions.ShrinkToFit;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void PrintWithPrintsPageTest() 
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintDocument printedPage = driver.Print(printOptions);
            Assert.IsTrue(printedPage.AsBase64EncodedString.StartsWith("JVBER"));
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

23
27

Show full example

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.print_page_options import PrintOptions

@pytest.fixture()
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

def test_orientation(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.orientation = "landscape" ## landscape or portrait
    assert print_options.orientation == "landscape"

def test_range(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_ranges = ["1, 2, 3"] ## ["1", "2", "3"] or ["1-3"]
    assert print_options.page_ranges == ["1, 2, 3"]

def test_size(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_height = 27.94  # Use page_width to assign width
    assert print_options.page_height == 27.94

def test_margin(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.margin_top = 10
    print_options.margin_bottom = 10
    print_options.margin_left = 10
    print_options.margin_right = 10
    assert print_options.margin_top == 10
    assert print_options.margin_bottom == 10
    assert print_options.margin_left == 10
    assert print_options.margin_right == 10

def test_scale(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.scale = 0.5 ## 0.1 to 2.0
    current_scale = print_options.scale
    assert current_scale == 0.5

def test_background(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.background = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.background is True

def test_shrink_to_fit(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.shrink_to_fit = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.shrink_to_fit is True

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

Margins

Using the getPageMargin() and setPageMargin() methods, you can set the margin sizes of the page you wish to print — i.e. top, bottom, left, and right margins.

40
49

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageMargin;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PrintOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageSize;
import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;

public class PrintOptionsTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @Test
    public void TestOrientation() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setOrientation(PrintOptions.Orientation.LANDSCAPE);
        PrintOptions.Orientation current_orientation = printOptions.getOrientation();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestRange() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageRanges("1-2");
        String[] current_range = printOptions.getPageRanges();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestSize() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageSize(new PageSize(27.94, 21.59)); // A4 size in cm
        double currentHeight = printOptions.getPageSize().getHeight(); // use getWidth() to retrieve width
    }

    @Test
    public void TestMargins() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        PageMargin margins = new PageMargin(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0);
        printOptions.setPageMargin(margins);
        double topMargin = margins.getTop();
        double bottomMargin = margins.getBottom();
        double leftMargin = margins.getLeft();
        double rightMargin = margins.getRight();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestScale() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setScale(.50);
        double current_scale = printOptions.getScale();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestBackground() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setBackground(true);
        boolean current_background = printOptions.getBackground();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestShrinkToFit() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setShrinkToFit(true);
        boolean current_shrink_to_fit = printOptions.getShrinkToFit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

50
58

Show full example

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
{
    [TestClass]
    public class PrintOptionsTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestOrientation()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.Orientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape;
            PrintOrientation currentOrientation = printOptions.Orientation;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestRange()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.AddPageRangeToPrint("1-3"); // add range of pages
            printOptions.AddPageToPrint(5); // add individual page
        }   

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestSize()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.PageSize currentDimensions = printOptions.PageDimensions;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestBackgrounds()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages = true;
            bool currentBackgrounds = printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestMargins()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.Margins currentMargins = printOptions.PageMargins;
        }


        [TestMethod]
        public void TestScale()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ScaleFactor = 0.5;
            double currentScale = printOptions.ScaleFactor;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestShrinkToFit()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ShrinkToFit = true;
            bool currentShrinkToFit = printOptions.ShrinkToFit;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void PrintWithPrintsPageTest() 
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintDocument printedPage = driver.Print(printOptions);
            Assert.IsTrue(printedPage.AsBase64EncodedString.StartsWith("JVBER"));
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

29
36

Show full example

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.print_page_options import PrintOptions

@pytest.fixture()
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

def test_orientation(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.orientation = "landscape" ## landscape or portrait
    assert print_options.orientation == "landscape"

def test_range(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_ranges = ["1, 2, 3"] ## ["1", "2", "3"] or ["1-3"]
    assert print_options.page_ranges == ["1, 2, 3"]

def test_size(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_height = 27.94  # Use page_width to assign width
    assert print_options.page_height == 27.94

def test_margin(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.margin_top = 10
    print_options.margin_bottom = 10
    print_options.margin_left = 10
    print_options.margin_right = 10
    assert print_options.margin_top == 10
    assert print_options.margin_bottom == 10
    assert print_options.margin_left == 10
    assert print_options.margin_right == 10

def test_scale(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.scale = 0.5 ## 0.1 to 2.0
    current_scale = print_options.scale
    assert current_scale == 0.5

def test_background(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.background = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.background is True

def test_shrink_to_fit(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.shrink_to_fit = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.shrink_to_fit is True

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

Scale

Using getScale() and setScale() methods, you can get/set the scale of the page you wish to print — e.g. 1.0 is 100% or default, 0.25 is 25%, etc.

52
58

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageMargin;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PrintOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageSize;
import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;

public class PrintOptionsTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @Test
    public void TestOrientation() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setOrientation(PrintOptions.Orientation.LANDSCAPE);
        PrintOptions.Orientation current_orientation = printOptions.getOrientation();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestRange() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageRanges("1-2");
        String[] current_range = printOptions.getPageRanges();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestSize() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageSize(new PageSize(27.94, 21.59)); // A4 size in cm
        double currentHeight = printOptions.getPageSize().getHeight(); // use getWidth() to retrieve width
    }

    @Test
    public void TestMargins() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        PageMargin margins = new PageMargin(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0);
        printOptions.setPageMargin(margins);
        double topMargin = margins.getTop();
        double bottomMargin = margins.getBottom();
        double leftMargin = margins.getLeft();
        double rightMargin = margins.getRight();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestScale() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setScale(.50);
        double current_scale = printOptions.getScale();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestBackground() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setBackground(true);
        boolean current_background = printOptions.getBackground();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestShrinkToFit() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setShrinkToFit(true);
        boolean current_shrink_to_fit = printOptions.getShrinkToFit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

60
69

Show full example

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
{
    [TestClass]
    public class PrintOptionsTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestOrientation()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.Orientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape;
            PrintOrientation currentOrientation = printOptions.Orientation;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestRange()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.AddPageRangeToPrint("1-3"); // add range of pages
            printOptions.AddPageToPrint(5); // add individual page
        }   

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestSize()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.PageSize currentDimensions = printOptions.PageDimensions;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestBackgrounds()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages = true;
            bool currentBackgrounds = printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestMargins()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.Margins currentMargins = printOptions.PageMargins;
        }


        [TestMethod]
        public void TestScale()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ScaleFactor = 0.5;
            double currentScale = printOptions.ScaleFactor;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestShrinkToFit()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ShrinkToFit = true;
            bool currentShrinkToFit = printOptions.ShrinkToFit;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void PrintWithPrintsPageTest() 
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintDocument printedPage = driver.Print(printOptions);
            Assert.IsTrue(printedPage.AsBase64EncodedString.StartsWith("JVBER"));
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

41
46

Show full example

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.print_page_options import PrintOptions

@pytest.fixture()
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

def test_orientation(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.orientation = "landscape" ## landscape or portrait
    assert print_options.orientation == "landscape"

def test_range(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_ranges = ["1, 2, 3"] ## ["1", "2", "3"] or ["1-3"]
    assert print_options.page_ranges == ["1, 2, 3"]

def test_size(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_height = 27.94  # Use page_width to assign width
    assert print_options.page_height == 27.94

def test_margin(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.margin_top = 10
    print_options.margin_bottom = 10
    print_options.margin_left = 10
    print_options.margin_right = 10
    assert print_options.margin_top == 10
    assert print_options.margin_bottom == 10
    assert print_options.margin_left == 10
    assert print_options.margin_right == 10

def test_scale(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.scale = 0.5 ## 0.1 to 2.0
    current_scale = print_options.scale
    assert current_scale == 0.5

def test_background(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.background = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.background is True

def test_shrink_to_fit(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.shrink_to_fit = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.shrink_to_fit is True

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

Background

Using getBackground() and setBackground() methods, you can get/set whether background colors and images appear — boolean true or false.

62
67

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageMargin;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PrintOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageSize;
import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;

public class PrintOptionsTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @Test
    public void TestOrientation() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setOrientation(PrintOptions.Orientation.LANDSCAPE);
        PrintOptions.Orientation current_orientation = printOptions.getOrientation();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestRange() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageRanges("1-2");
        String[] current_range = printOptions.getPageRanges();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestSize() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageSize(new PageSize(27.94, 21.59)); // A4 size in cm
        double currentHeight = printOptions.getPageSize().getHeight(); // use getWidth() to retrieve width
    }

    @Test
    public void TestMargins() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        PageMargin margins = new PageMargin(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0);
        printOptions.setPageMargin(margins);
        double topMargin = margins.getTop();
        double bottomMargin = margins.getBottom();
        double leftMargin = margins.getLeft();
        double rightMargin = margins.getRight();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestScale() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setScale(.50);
        double current_scale = printOptions.getScale();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestBackground() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setBackground(true);
        boolean current_background = printOptions.getBackground();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestShrinkToFit() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setShrinkToFit(true);
        boolean current_shrink_to_fit = printOptions.getShrinkToFit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

40
49

Show full example

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
{
    [TestClass]
    public class PrintOptionsTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestOrientation()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.Orientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape;
            PrintOrientation currentOrientation = printOptions.Orientation;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestRange()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.AddPageRangeToPrint("1-3"); // add range of pages
            printOptions.AddPageToPrint(5); // add individual page
        }   

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestSize()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.PageSize currentDimensions = printOptions.PageDimensions;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestBackgrounds()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages = true;
            bool currentBackgrounds = printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestMargins()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.Margins currentMargins = printOptions.PageMargins;
        }


        [TestMethod]
        public void TestScale()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ScaleFactor = 0.5;
            double currentScale = printOptions.ScaleFactor;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestShrinkToFit()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ShrinkToFit = true;
            bool currentShrinkToFit = printOptions.ShrinkToFit;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void PrintWithPrintsPageTest() 
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintDocument printedPage = driver.Print(printOptions);
            Assert.IsTrue(printedPage.AsBase64EncodedString.StartsWith("JVBER"));
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

48
52

Show full example

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.print_page_options import PrintOptions

@pytest.fixture()
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

def test_orientation(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.orientation = "landscape" ## landscape or portrait
    assert print_options.orientation == "landscape"

def test_range(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_ranges = ["1, 2, 3"] ## ["1", "2", "3"] or ["1-3"]
    assert print_options.page_ranges == ["1, 2, 3"]

def test_size(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_height = 27.94  # Use page_width to assign width
    assert print_options.page_height == 27.94

def test_margin(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.margin_top = 10
    print_options.margin_bottom = 10
    print_options.margin_left = 10
    print_options.margin_right = 10
    assert print_options.margin_top == 10
    assert print_options.margin_bottom == 10
    assert print_options.margin_left == 10
    assert print_options.margin_right == 10

def test_scale(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.scale = 0.5 ## 0.1 to 2.0
    current_scale = print_options.scale
    assert current_scale == 0.5

def test_background(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.background = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.background is True

def test_shrink_to_fit(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.shrink_to_fit = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.shrink_to_fit is True

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

ShrinkToFit

Using getShrinkToFit() and setShrinkToFit() methods, you can get/set whether the page will shrink-to-fit content on the page — boolean true or false.

71
76

Show full example

package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageMargin;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PrintOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageSize;
import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;

public class PrintOptionsTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @Test
    public void TestOrientation() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setOrientation(PrintOptions.Orientation.LANDSCAPE);
        PrintOptions.Orientation current_orientation = printOptions.getOrientation();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestRange() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageRanges("1-2");
        String[] current_range = printOptions.getPageRanges();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestSize() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setPageSize(new PageSize(27.94, 21.59)); // A4 size in cm
        double currentHeight = printOptions.getPageSize().getHeight(); // use getWidth() to retrieve width
    }

    @Test
    public void TestMargins() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        PageMargin margins = new PageMargin(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0);
        printOptions.setPageMargin(margins);
        double topMargin = margins.getTop();
        double bottomMargin = margins.getBottom();
        double leftMargin = margins.getLeft();
        double rightMargin = margins.getRight();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestScale() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setScale(.50);
        double current_scale = printOptions.getScale();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestBackground() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setBackground(true);
        boolean current_background = printOptions.getBackground();
    }

    @Test
    public void TestShrinkToFit() 
    {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/");
        PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
        printOptions.setShrinkToFit(true);
        boolean current_shrink_to_fit = printOptions.getShrinkToFit();
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

70
79

Show full example

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
{
    [TestClass]
    public class PrintOptionsTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestOrientation()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.Orientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape;
            PrintOrientation currentOrientation = printOptions.Orientation;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestRange()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            PrintOptions printOptions  = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.AddPageRangeToPrint("1-3"); // add range of pages
            printOptions.AddPageToPrint(5); // add individual page
        }   

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestSize()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.PageSize currentDimensions = printOptions.PageDimensions;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestBackgrounds()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages = true;
            bool currentBackgrounds = printOptions.OutputBackgroundImages;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestMargins()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintOptions.Margins currentMargins = printOptions.PageMargins;
        }


        [TestMethod]
        public void TestScale()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ScaleFactor = 0.5;
            double currentScale = printOptions.ScaleFactor;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void TestShrinkToFit()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            printOptions.ShrinkToFit = true;
            bool currentShrinkToFit = printOptions.ShrinkToFit;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void PrintWithPrintsPageTest() 
        {
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.selenium.dev/");
            PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions();
            PrintDocument printedPage = driver.Print(printOptions);
            Assert.IsTrue(printedPage.AsBase64EncodedString.StartsWith("JVBER"));
        }
    }
}

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

54
58

Show full example

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.print_page_options import PrintOptions

@pytest.fixture()
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

def test_orientation(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.orientation = "landscape" ## landscape or portrait
    assert print_options.orientation == "landscape"

def test_range(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_ranges = ["1, 2, 3"] ## ["1", "2", "3"] or ["1-3"]
    assert print_options.page_ranges == ["1, 2, 3"]

def test_size(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.page_height = 27.94  # Use page_width to assign width
    assert print_options.page_height == 27.94

def test_margin(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.margin_top = 10
    print_options.margin_bottom = 10
    print_options.margin_left = 10
    print_options.margin_right = 10
    assert print_options.margin_top == 10
    assert print_options.margin_bottom == 10
    assert print_options.margin_left == 10
    assert print_options.margin_right == 10

def test_scale(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.scale = 0.5 ## 0.1 to 2.0
    current_scale = print_options.scale
    assert current_scale == 0.5

def test_background(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.background = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.background is True

def test_shrink_to_fit(driver):
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/")
    print_options = PrintOptions()
    print_options.shrink_to_fit = True ## True or False
    assert print_options.shrink_to_fit is True

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

Printing

Once you’ve configured your PrintOptions, you’re ready to print the page. To do this, you can invoke the print function, which generates a PDF representation of the web page. The resulting PDF can be saved to your local storage for further use or distribution. Using PrintsPage(), the print command will return the PDF data in base64-encoded format, which can be decoded and written to a file in your desired location, and using BrowsingContext() will return a String.

There may currently be multiple implementations depending on your language of choice. For example, with Java you have the ability to print using either BrowingContext() or PrintsPage(). Both take PrintOptions() objects as a parameter.

Note: BrowsingContext() is part of Selenium’s BiDi implementation. To enable BiDi see Enabling Bidi

PrintsPage()

26
32

<details class="mt-3">
  <summary>Show full example</summary>
  <div class="pt-2">
    <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#204a87;font-weight:bold">package</span><span style="color:#f8f8f8;text-decoration:underline"> </span><span style="color:#000">dev.selenium.interactions</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">;</span><span style="color:#f8f8f8;text-decoration:underline">

import org.openqa.selenium.Pdf; import org.openqa.selenium.bidi.browsingcontext.BrowsingContext; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions; import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; import org.openqa.selenium.print.PageMargin; import org.openqa.selenium.print.PrintOptions; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.PrintsPage; import dev.selenium.BaseTest; public class PrintsPageTest extends BaseTest{ @BeforeEach public void setup() { ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions(); options.setCapability("webSocketUrl", true); driver = new ChromeDriver(options); } @Test public void PrintWithPrintsPageTest() { driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/"); PrintsPage printer = (PrintsPage) driver; PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions(); Pdf printedPage = printer.print(printOptions); Assertions.assertNotNull(printedPage); } @Test public void PrintWithBrowsingContextTest() { BrowsingContext browsingContext = new BrowsingContext(driver, driver.getWindowHandle()); driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html"); PrintOptions printOptions = new PrintOptions(); String printPage = browsingContext.print(printOptions); Assertions.assertTrue(printPage.length() > 0); } }

<div class="text-end pb-2 mt-2">
  <a href="https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/seleniumhq.github.io/blob/display_full/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/PrintsPageTest.java#L27-L31" target="_blank">
    <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt pl-2"></i>
    <strong>View full example on GitHub</strong>
  </a>
</div>

BrowsingContext()

36
42

<details class="mt-3">
  <summary>Show full example</summary>
  <div class="pt-2">
    <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#204a87;font-weight:bold">package</span><span style="color:#f8f8f8;text-decoration:underline"> </span><span style="color:#000">dev.selenium.interactions</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">;</span><span style="color:#f8f8f8;text-decoration:underline">

<div class="text-end pb-2 mt-2">
  <a href="https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/seleniumhq.github.io/blob/display_full/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/PrintsPageTest.java#L37-L41" target="_blank">
    <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt pl-2"></i>
    <strong>View full example on GitHub</strong>
  </a>
</div>

ブラウザのインタラクション

ブラウザーの情報

タイトルの取得

現在のURLを取得

1 - ブラウザー ナビゲーション

ナビゲート

戻る

次へ

更新

2 - JavaScript アラート、プロンプトおよび確認

アラート

確認

プロンプト

3 - クッキーの使用

クッキーの追加

命名されたクッキーの取得

全てのクッキーの取得

クッキーの削除

全てのクッキーの削除

SameSite Cookie属性

Strict:

Lax:

4 - IFrame と Frame の操作

WebElementを使う

nameまたはIDを使う

インデックスを使う

Frameを終了する

5 - Print Page

Configuring

Orientation

Range

Size

Margins

Scale

Background

ShrinkToFit

Printing

6 - ウィンドウとタブの操作

ウィンドウとタブ

ウィンドウハンドルの取得

ウィンドウまたはタブの切り替え

ウィンドウまたはタブを閉じる

新しいウィンドウ（または）新しいタブを作成して切り替える

セッションの終了時にブラウザーを終了する

ウィンドウマネジメント

ウィンドウサイズの取得

ウィンドウサイズの設定

ウィンドウの位置を取得

ウィンドウの最大化

ウィンドウを最小化

全画面ウィンドウ

スクリーンショットの取得

要素のスクリーンショットの取得

スクリプトの実行

ページの印刷

7 - Virtual Authenticator

Virtual Authenticator Options

Add Virtual Authenticator

Remove Virtual Authenticator

Create Resident Credential

Create Non-Resident Credential

Add Credential

Get Credential

Remove Credential

Remove All Credentials

Set User Verified

Development Partners

Selenium Level Sponsors

Support the Selenium Project

1 - ブラウザーナビゲーション