这是本节的多页打印视图。点击此处打印.

双向功能

1: WebDriver BiDi Logging Features
2: WebDriver BiDi Network Features
3: WebDriver BiDi Script Features
4: Chrome DevTools 协议

4.1: Chrome DevTools Logging Features
4.2: Chrome DevTools Network Features
4.3: Chrome DevTools Script Features

5: BiDirectional API (W3C compliant)

5.1: Browsing Context
5.2: Browsing Context
5.3: Network
5.4: Script
5.5: BiDirectional API (W3C compliant)

双向是指通信同时在两个方向上进行. 传统的 WebDriver 模型涉及严格的请求/响应命令, 在任何时候都只允许单向通信. 在大多数情况下, 这正是您想要的；它能确保浏览器以正确的顺序执行预期的操作, 但异步交互也有许多有趣的地方.

目前, [Chrome DevTools Protocol] (CDP) 可以有限地提供这种功能, 但为了解决它的一些缺点, Selenium 团队与主要浏览器供应商一起创建了新的 WebDriver BiDi 协议. 该规范旨在创建一个稳定的跨浏览器 API, 利用双向通信增强浏览器自动化和测试功能、包括通过 WebSockets 从用户代理到控制软件的流式事件. 用户将能在 Selenium 会话过程中监听、记录或操作事件.

在Selenium中启用 BiDi

为了使用 WebDriver BiDi, 在浏览器选项中设置该功能将启用所需的功能:

options.setCapability("webSocketUrl", true);

options.enable_bidi = True

UseWebSocketUrl = true,

options.web_socket_url = true

Options().enableBidi();

options.setCapability("webSocketUrl", true);

这将启用用于双向通信的 WebSocket 连接、释放 WebDriver BiDi 协议的全部潜能.

请注意, Selenium 正在将其整个实现从 WebDriver Classic 升级到 WebDriver BiDi (同时尽可能保持向后兼容性) , 但本部分文档的重点是双向通信所允许的新功能.

终端用户可以在代码中访问低级 BiDi 域, 但我们的目标是提供高级应用程序接口, 这些应用程序接口是真实世界用例的直接方法. 因此, 我们将不对底层组件进行记录, 本节将只关注我们鼓励使用者利用的用户友好功能.

如果您希望看到其他功能, 请提出功能请求.

1 - WebDriver BiDi Logging Features

These features are related to logging. Because “logging” can refer to so many different things, these methods are made available via a “script” namespace.

Remember that to use WebDriver BiDi, you must enable it in Options. For more details, see Enabling BiDi

Console Message Handlers

Record or take actions on console.log events.

Add Handler

Implementation Missing

10
12

Show full example

import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_add_console_log_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_console_message_handler(log_entries.append)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleLog").click()
    WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(lambda _: log_entries)
    assert log_entries[0].text == "Hello, world!"


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_remove_console_log_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_console_message_handler(log_entries.append)
    driver.script.remove_console_message_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleLog").click()
    assert len(log_entries) == 0


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_add_js_exception_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler(log_entries.append)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "jsException").click()
    WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(lambda _: log_entries)
    assert log_entries[0].text == "Error: Not working"


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_remove_js_exception_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler(log_entries.append)
    driver.script.remove_javascript_error_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleLog").click()
    assert len(log_entries) == 0

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

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14

Show full example

# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Logging' do
  let(:driver) { start_bidi_session }
  let(:wait) { Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(timeout: 2) }

  it 'adds console message handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_console_message_handler { |log| log_entries << log }

    driver.find_element(id: 'consoleLog').click
    wait.until { log_entries.any? }
    expect(log_entries.first&.text).to eq 'Hello, world!'
  end

  it 'removes console message handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_console_message_handler { |log| log_entries << log }
    driver.script.remove_console_message_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(id: 'consoleLog').click
    expect(log_entries).to be_empty
  end

  it 'adds JavaScript error handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler { |error| log_entries << error }

    driver.find_element(id: 'jsException').click
    wait.until { log_entries.any? }
    expect(log_entries.first&.text).to eq 'Error: Not working'
  end

  it 'removes JavaScript error handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler { |error| log_entries << error }
    driver.script.remove_javascript_error_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(id: 'jsException').click
    expect(log_entries).to be_empty
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

Remove Handler

You need to store the ID returned when adding the handler to delete it.

Implementation Missing

22
25

Show full example

import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_add_console_log_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_console_message_handler(log_entries.append)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleLog").click()
    WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(lambda _: log_entries)
    assert log_entries[0].text == "Hello, world!"


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_remove_console_log_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_console_message_handler(log_entries.append)
    driver.script.remove_console_message_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleLog").click()
    assert len(log_entries) == 0


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_add_js_exception_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler(log_entries.append)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "jsException").click()
    WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(lambda _: log_entries)
    assert log_entries[0].text == "Error: Not working"


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_remove_js_exception_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler(log_entries.append)
    driver.script.remove_javascript_error_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleLog").click()
    assert len(log_entries) == 0

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

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26

Show full example

# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Logging' do
  let(:driver) { start_bidi_session }
  let(:wait) { Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(timeout: 2) }

  it 'adds console message handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_console_message_handler { |log| log_entries << log }

    driver.find_element(id: 'consoleLog').click
    wait.until { log_entries.any? }
    expect(log_entries.first&.text).to eq 'Hello, world!'
  end

  it 'removes console message handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_console_message_handler { |log| log_entries << log }
    driver.script.remove_console_message_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(id: 'consoleLog').click
    expect(log_entries).to be_empty
  end

  it 'adds JavaScript error handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler { |error| log_entries << error }

    driver.find_element(id: 'jsException').click
    wait.until { log_entries.any? }
    expect(log_entries.first&.text).to eq 'Error: Not working'
  end

  it 'removes JavaScript error handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler { |error| log_entries << error }
    driver.script.remove_javascript_error_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(id: 'jsException').click
    expect(log_entries).to be_empty
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

JavaScript Exception Handlers

Record or take actions on JavaScript exception events.

Add Handler

Implementation Missing

34
36

Show full example

import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_add_console_log_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_console_message_handler(log_entries.append)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleLog").click()
    WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(lambda _: log_entries)
    assert log_entries[0].text == "Hello, world!"


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_remove_console_log_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_console_message_handler(log_entries.append)
    driver.script.remove_console_message_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleLog").click()
    assert len(log_entries) == 0


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_add_js_exception_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler(log_entries.append)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "jsException").click()
    WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(lambda _: log_entries)
    assert log_entries[0].text == "Error: Not working"


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_remove_js_exception_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler(log_entries.append)
    driver.script.remove_javascript_error_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleLog").click()
    assert len(log_entries) == 0

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

34
36

Show full example

# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Logging' do
  let(:driver) { start_bidi_session }
  let(:wait) { Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(timeout: 2) }

  it 'adds console message handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_console_message_handler { |log| log_entries << log }

    driver.find_element(id: 'consoleLog').click
    wait.until { log_entries.any? }
    expect(log_entries.first&.text).to eq 'Hello, world!'
  end

  it 'removes console message handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_console_message_handler { |log| log_entries << log }
    driver.script.remove_console_message_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(id: 'consoleLog').click
    expect(log_entries).to be_empty
  end

  it 'adds JavaScript error handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler { |error| log_entries << error }

    driver.find_element(id: 'jsException').click
    wait.until { log_entries.any? }
    expect(log_entries.first&.text).to eq 'Error: Not working'
  end

  it 'removes JavaScript error handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler { |error| log_entries << error }
    driver.script.remove_javascript_error_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(id: 'jsException').click
    expect(log_entries).to be_empty
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

Remove Handler

You need to store the ID returned when adding the handler to delete it.

Implementation Missing

46
49

Show full example

import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_add_console_log_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_console_message_handler(log_entries.append)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleLog").click()
    WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(lambda _: log_entries)
    assert log_entries[0].text == "Hello, world!"


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_remove_console_log_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_console_message_handler(log_entries.append)
    driver.script.remove_console_message_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleLog").click()
    assert len(log_entries) == 0


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_add_js_exception_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler(log_entries.append)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "jsException").click()
    WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(lambda _: log_entries)
    assert log_entries[0].text == "Error: Not working"


@pytest.mark.driver_type("bidi")
def test_remove_js_exception_handler(driver):
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html')
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler(log_entries.append)
    driver.script.remove_javascript_error_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleLog").click()
    assert len(log_entries) == 0

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

45
48

Show full example

# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Logging' do
  let(:driver) { start_bidi_session }
  let(:wait) { Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(timeout: 2) }

  it 'adds console message handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_console_message_handler { |log| log_entries << log }

    driver.find_element(id: 'consoleLog').click
    wait.until { log_entries.any? }
    expect(log_entries.first&.text).to eq 'Hello, world!'
  end

  it 'removes console message handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_console_message_handler { |log| log_entries << log }
    driver.script.remove_console_message_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(id: 'consoleLog').click
    expect(log_entries).to be_empty
  end

  it 'adds JavaScript error handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler { |error| log_entries << error }

    driver.find_element(id: 'jsException').click
    wait.until { log_entries.any? }
    expect(log_entries.first&.text).to eq 'Error: Not working'
  end

  it 'removes JavaScript error handler' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html'
    log_entries = []

    id = driver.script.add_javascript_error_handler { |error| log_entries << error }
    driver.script.remove_javascript_error_handler(id)

    driver.find_element(id: 'jsException').click
    expect(log_entries).to be_empty
  end
end

View full example on GitHub

Implementation Missing

2 - WebDriver BiDi Network Features

These features are related to networking, and are made available via a “network” namespace.

The implementation of these features is being tracked here: #13993

Remember that to use WebDriver BiDi, you must enable it in Options. For more details, see Enabling BiDi

Authentication Handlers

Request Handlers

Response Handlers

3 - WebDriver BiDi Script Features

These features are related to scripts, and are made available via a “script” namespace.

The implementation of these features is being tracked here: #13992

Remember that to use WebDriver BiDi, you must enable it in Options. For more details, see Enabling BiDi

Script Pinning

Execute Script

DOM Mutation Handlers

4 - Chrome DevTools 协议

使用 Selenium 操作 Chrome DevTools 协议的示例。 CDP 的支持是临时的，直到 WebDriver BiDi 实现为止。

许多浏览器提供“开发者工具”（DevTools），这是与浏览器集成的一组工具，开发人员可以使用它们来调试网页应用程序并探索网页的性能。Google Chrome 的开发者工具使用一种称为 Chrome DevTools 协议（简称 “CDP”）的协议。顾名思义，该协议并非为测试设计，也没有稳定的 API，因此功能很大程度上取决于浏览器的版本。

Selenium 正在致力于实现一种基于标准的、跨浏览器的、稳定的 CDP 替代方案，称为 [WebDriver BiDi]。在对该新协议的支持完成之前，Selenium 计划在适用的地方提供对 CDP 功能的访问。

在 Selenium 中使用 Chrome DevTools 协议

Chrome 和 Edge 提供了发送基本 CDP 命令的方法。但对于需要双向通信的功能，这种方法无效。你需要知道在何时启用哪些域，以及域、方法和参数的确切名称和类型。

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<details class="mt-3">
  <summary>Show full example</summary>
  <div class="pt-2">
    <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#204a87;font-weight:bold">package</span><span style="color:#f8f8f8;text-decoration:underline"> </span><span style="color:#000">dev.selenium.bidi.cdp</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">;</span><span style="color:#f8f8f8;text-decoration:underline">

import dev.selenium.BaseTest; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions; import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.HasCdp; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; public class CdpTest extends BaseTest { @BeforeEach public void createSession() { driver = new ChromeDriver(); } @Test public void setCookie() { Map<String, Object> cookie = new HashMap<>(); cookie.put("name", "cheese"); cookie.put("value", "gouda"); cookie.put("domain", "www.selenium.dev"); cookie.put("secure", true); ((HasCdp) driver).executeCdpCommand("Network.setCookie", cookie); driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev"); Cookie cheese = driver.manage().getCookieNamed("cheese"); Assertions.assertEquals("gouda", cheese.getValue()); } }

<div class="text-end pb-2 mt-2">
  <a href="https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/seleniumhq.github.io/blob/display_full//examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/bidi/cdp/CdpTest.java#L22-L27" target="_blank">
    <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt pl-2"></i>
    <strong>View full example on GitHub</strong>
  </a>
</div>

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<details class="mt-3">
  <summary>Show full example</summary>
  <div class="pt-2">
    <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-py" data-lang="py"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#204a87;font-weight:bold">def</span> <span style="color:#000">test_set_cookie</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span><span style="color:#000">driver</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">):</span>

cookie = {'name': 'cheese', 'value': 'gouda', 'domain': 'www.selenium.dev', 'secure': True} driver.execute_cdp_cmd('Network.setCookie', cookie) driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev') cheese = driver.get_cookie(cookie['name']) assert cheese['value'] == 'gouda'

<div class="text-end pb-2 mt-2">
  <a href="https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/seleniumhq.github.io/blob/display_full//examples/python/tests/bidi/cdp/test_cdp.py#L2-L7" target="_blank">
    <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt pl-2"></i>
    <strong>View full example on GitHub</strong>
  </a>
</div>

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<details class="mt-3">
  <summary>Show full example</summary>
  <div class="pt-2">
    <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-cs" data-lang="cs"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#204a87;font-weight:bold">using</span> <span style="color:#000">System.Collections.Generic</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">;</span>

using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting; using OpenQA.Selenium; using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; namespace SeleniumDocs.BiDi.CDP { [TestClass] public class CDPTest : BaseChromeTest { [TestMethod] public void SetCookie() { var cookie = new Dictionary<string, object> { { "name", "cheese" }, { "value", "gouda" }, { "domain", "www.selenium.dev" }, { "secure", true } }; ((ChromeDriver)driver).ExecuteCdpCommand("Network.setCookie", cookie);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev"; Cookie cheese = driver.Manage().Cookies.GetCookieNamed("cheese"); Assert.AreEqual("gouda", cheese.Value); } } }

<div class="text-end pb-2 mt-2">
  <a href="https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/seleniumhq.github.io/blob/display_full//examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/BiDi/CDP/CDPTest.cs#L14-L21" target="_blank">
    <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt pl-2"></i>
    <strong>View full example on GitHub</strong>
  </a>
</div>

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<details class="mt-3">
  <summary>Show full example</summary>
  <div class="pt-2">
    <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-rb" data-lang="rb"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#8f5902;font-style:italic"># frozen_string_literal: true</span>

require 'spec_helper' RSpec.describe 'Logging' do let(:driver) { start_session } it 'sets cookie' do driver.execute_cdp('Network.setCookie', name: 'cheese', value: 'gouda', domain: 'www.selenium.dev', secure: true) driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev') cheese = driver.manage.cookie_named('cheese') expect(cheese[:value]).to eq 'gouda' end end

<div class="text-end pb-2 mt-2">
  <a href="https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/seleniumhq.github.io/blob/display_full//examples/ruby/spec/bidi/cdp/cdp_spec.rb#L9-L13" target="_blank">
    <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt pl-2"></i>
    <strong>View full example on GitHub</strong>
  </a>
</div>

双向功能

在Selenium中启用 BiDi

1 - WebDriver BiDi Logging Features

Console Message Handlers

Add Handler

Remove Handler

JavaScript Exception Handlers

Add Handler

Remove Handler

2 - WebDriver BiDi Network Features

Authentication Handlers

Request Handlers

Response Handlers

3 - WebDriver BiDi Script Features

Script Pinning

Execute Script

DOM Mutation Handlers

4 - Chrome DevTools 协议

在 Selenium 中使用 Chrome DevTools 协议

4.1 - Chrome DevTools Logging Features

Console Logs

JavaScript Exceptions

4.2 - Chrome DevTools Network Features

Basic authentication

Network Interception

Response information

Response transformation

Request interception

Performance Metrics

Setting Cookies

Waiting for Downloads

4.3 - Chrome DevTools Script Features

Script Pinning

DOM Mutation Handlers

5 - BiDirectional API (W3C compliant)

5.1 - Browsing Context

Commands

Open a new window

Open a new tab

Use existing window handle

Open a window with a reference browsing context

Open a tab with a reference browsing context

Navigate to a URL

Navigate to a URL with readiness state

Get browsing context tree

Get browsing context tree with depth

Get All Top level browsing contexts

Close a tab/window

Activate a browsing context

Reload a browsing context

Handle user prompt

Capture Screenshot

Capture Viewport Screenshot

Capture Element Screenshot

Set Viewport

Print page

Navigate back

Navigate forward

Traverse history

Events

Browsing Context Created Event

Dom Content loaded Event

Browsing Context Loaded Event

Navigated Started Event

Fragment Navigated Event

User Prompt Opened Event

User Prompt Closed Event

Browsing Context Destroyed Event

5.2 - Browsing Context

Perform Actions

Release Actions

5.3 - Network

Commands

Add network intercept

Remove network intercept

Continue request blocked at authRequired phase with credentials

Continue request blocked at authRequired phase without credentials

Cancel request blocked at authRequired phase

Fail request

Events